Corporate Criminal Liability

Question 1

Nominalistic approach

Answer 1

England

Cooperation are just a collective of individuals and therefore can be punished as such

Question 2

Realistic approach

Answer 2

Germany

Cooperations are living systems outside of its individual members - Outside of criminal law

Question 3

Netherlands

Answer 3

1. Act/omission of the corporation by somebody who is employed by the corporation
2. The conduct corresponds to the normal corporate management
3. The conduct benefitted the corporation
4. The corporation could control whether the conduct would or would not take place