Coronary Heart Disease Flashcards
What is coronary heart disease?
An umbrella term for conditions where atherosclerotic / thrombotic occlusion of coronary arteries causes ischaemia of myocardium
What conditions are under the umbrella of coronary heart disease?
Angina (stable and unstable)
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Define the condition of angina
A type of coronary heart disease
Ischaemia of myocardium caused by atherosclerotic occlusion of coronary arteries
Angina can be stable or unstable
- unstable a sign of impending AMI and characterised by SSX increasing in severity, present at rest, or sudden onset
What are the SSX of angina?
Chest pain with radiations to jaw, arm, interscap
Palpitations Pallor Dyspnoea Severe fatigue Sweating
What is an AMI?
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Acute myocyte necrosis as a result of myocardial ischaemia caused by occlusion of coronary arteries
(occlusion usually caused by rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and thrombus formation occluding arteries)
35% fatality rate (half in first 24 hours)
What are the SSX of an AMI?
Chest pain - severe, retrosternal
Tachycardia
Tachypnoea
Variable BP
Psychological distress
Loss of consciousness / collapse
What are risk factors for coronary heart disease?
Dyslipidaemia Hypertension Smoking Obesity Inactivity
Which are the 3 arteries of the heart stemming from the right coronary artery, and which regions of the heart do they supply?
Right Coronary
- right atrium (anterior)
- right ventricle (anterior)
Right Marginal
- right ventricle (inferior)
- apex
Posterior Interventricular
- right and left ventricles, interventricular septum (posterior)
What are the 3 branches of the left coronary artery?
Left Anterior Interventricular
- right ventricle (anterior)
- left ventricle (anterior)
- interventricular septum (anterior)
Left Circumflex
- left atrium and ventricle (posterior)
Left Marginal
- left ventricle (oblique)
