Coronary Artery Disease

Question 1

Couple reason why there may be reduced blood flow to area of myocardium

Answer 1

atheroma
spasm
thrombosis
embolus
coronary arteritis

Question 2

Couple reason why there may be reduced oxygenated blood flow to area of myocardium

Answer 2

anaemia
Carboxyhaemoglobinameia
Hypotension

Question 3

Pathophysiology of Coronary atherosclerosis pt 1

Answer 3

Mechanical shear stress to endothelium (hypertension, too much LDL, diabetes mellitus, inflammation)

Accumulation of oxidised lipoproteins, which are taken up by macrophages to produce foam cells.

These are known as ‘fatty streaks’ –> flat, yellow dots or lines on endothelium of artery.

Question 4

Pathophysiology of Coronary atherosclerosis pt 2

Answer 4

Fatty streak progresses to transitional plaque

Release of cytokines furthers accumulation of macrophages as well as smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation

Collagen produced more by smooth muscle, leads to elevated fibro-lipid plaque.

Thrombus forms as a result in the core.