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A&P chap 1-4 > Core Themes: Mechanisms & processes > Flashcards

Core Themes: Mechanisms & processes Flashcards

1
Q

Nature hates ______

A

Gradients

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2
Q

gluc=

A

Glucose transporter

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3
Q

Gradient: a lot one side, ______

A

little on the other

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4
Q

Gradients and Permeability

A

Cells move from high to low, down pressure and concentration gradients, across permeable membranes

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5
Q

Celluar Differentiation

A

Specialization of a cell because of gene expression

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6
Q

cell membrane mechanisms

A

Determine entry of substances, responds to signals

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7
Q

insulin = ?

A

communication signal

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8
Q

cell to cell communication….

A

via membrane receptors

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9
Q

feedback loops

A

homeostatic mechanisms for stability

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10
Q

Balance

A

Replacement of lost substances, elimination of excesses

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11
Q

energy processes

A

Keeps cells active

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12
Q

Growth

A

increase in cell number and size and increase in body size

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13
Q

Reproduction

A

Change in body position/ location; motion of internal organs

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14
Q

Movement

A

Change in body position/ location; motion of internal organs

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15
Q

Metabolism

A

energy production/ nutrient cycling

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16
Q

Metablism is what?

A

all the chemical reactions in your body

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17
Q

Respiration is what?

A

making energy

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18
Q

Digestion is what?

A

Breaking down food into nutrients for absorption into the blood

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19
Q

Cell growing

A

chemical reactions towards your DNA

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20
Q

cellular respiration is part of what?

A

part of metabolism

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21
Q

What does it do?

A

it’s how your body makes energy/oxygen. its a way to take away elections

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22
Q

Where do electrons come from?

A

Food

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23
Q

When you break down food, you _______

A

Break down electrons

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24
Q

Oxygen =

A

electrons keep moving

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25
Q

What is protein made out of?

A

Amino acids

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26
Q

What does your body need

A

Amino acids

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27
Q

Digestions takes ______ ______ into _______ ________

A

complex molecules, simpler molecules

28
Q

blood acts as a _______

A

highway

29
Q

Cells need the ____ _____

A

amino acids

30
Q

CO2 can ____ you faster than _____ _____

A

CO2 can kill you faster than little oxygen

31
Q

water has a ______ ______ __________-

A

high heat capacitator

32
Q

Little water makes body temp

A

unstable

33
Q

You can get energy from…?

A

food (protein, carbs & fat)

34
Q

Vitamin is NOT what?

A

A source of energy

35
Q

Water is NOT what?

A

A source of energy

36
Q

Water is inside and outside of what?

A

cells

37
Q

MOST water is inside of…?

A

the cell

38
Q

Life requires what environmental factors?

A

water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure

39
Q

what provides necessary nutrients for energy?

A

food

40
Q

what’s the most abundant substance in the body?

A

water

41
Q

what’s the environment for metabolic processes?

A

water

42
Q

what’s needed for the transport of substances?

A

water

43
Q

water regulates what?

A

body temperature

44
Q

A lot of water keeps body temp ______

A

constant

45
Q

When you get rid of water …….

A

chemical reactions stop

46
Q

what releases energy from food?

A

Oxygen

47
Q

Oxygen is not what?

A

ENERGY

48
Q

Heat is a form of what?

A

energy

49
Q

what helps maintains the body temp? (not water)

A

heat

50
Q

Heat partly controls rate of _______ _______

A

metabolic reactions

51
Q

Whats the application of force on an object called?

A

Pressure

52
Q

Atmospheric pressure is important for…?

A

breathing

53
Q

Hydrostatic pressure keeps…?

A

blood flowing

54
Q

Homeostatic Mechanisms is when the body….

A

maintains homeostasis though a number of self-regulating control systems

55
Q

There are three parts to homeostatic mechanisms, what are they?

A

Receptors, control centrer, effector

56
Q

what detects and provides info about the stimuli?

A

Receptors

57
Q

a decision-maker that maintains set-points is the…

A

control center

58
Q

muscle or gland that responds to the control center, and causes the necessary change in the internal environment

A

Effector

59
Q

Homeostatic mechanisms are based on ……

A

feed loops

60
Q

what is water toxicity?

A

too much water consumed into your body, which is deadly

61
Q

what happens if you don’t let body excrete fluid?

A

it’ll harm you

62
Q

Main molecules are …. hint 95% of atoms are these elements

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

63
Q

the main 4 macromolecules are…..

A

DNA, protein, Lipids, carbs

64
Q

What does water have? And do we need them?

A

IONS, yes

65
Q

does distilled water have ions?

A

no

A&P chap 1-4 (6 decks)

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