Core Organic Chemistry, module 4, definitions Flashcards
Primary alcohol
A primary alcohol has the functional group attached to a carbon atom with no more than one alkyl group
Secondary alcohol
A secondary alcohol has the functional group attached to a carbon atom with two alkyl groups
Tertiary alcohol
A tertiary alcohol has the functional group attached to a carbon atom with three alkyl groups
Reflux
Reflux is the constant boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture. This ensures that the reaction goes to completion as fully as possible without losing reactants or products as vapour to the air
In short, a technique used to stop reaction mixtures boiling away into the air
Dehydration
Dehydration is a chemical reaction in which water molecules are eliminated from an organic compound
Elimination
Elimination is an organic reaction in which one reactant forms two products. Usually a small molecule like water is released
Primary haloalkane
A primary haloalkane has the halogen atom on the end of a chain
Nucleophiles
Nucleophiles are electron-pair donors
Nucleophilic substitution
Nucleophilic substitution is a chemical reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is exchanged for a nucleophile
Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which water is a reactant. There are alkali hydrolysis reactions where -OH- is the reacting species
Ozone layer
The ozone layer is an area of high concentration of ozone, O3, in the stratosphere
Radical
A radical is a highly reactive species with one of more unpaired electrons
Distillation
Distillation is a technique used to separate miscible liquids or solutions
Separating funnel
A separating funnel is a piece of equipment used to separate immiscible liquids
Redistillation
Redistilliation is the purification of a liquid using multiple distillations
