Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry: A-level > Core Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Core Organic Chemistry Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is meant by the General Formula of an Organic Compound?

A

An algebraic formula that can describe any memeber of a family of compounds. eg. CnH2n+2 (alkanes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is meant by the Empirical Formula of an Organic Compound?

A

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.
eg. Ethane (C2H6) CH3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is mean by the Molecular Formula of an Organic Compound?

A

The actual number of atoms of each element in the compound.
eg. C4H10O (butan-1-ol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is meant by the Structural formula of an Organic Compound?

A

The formula showing the arrangement of atoms carbon-by-carbon, with the attached hydrogens and functional groups.
eg. CH3CH2CH3 (propane)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the first 10 alkanes called?

A

Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane, Hexane, Heptane, Octane, Nonane, Decane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the process to name an alkane?

A
  1. The longest alkane chain provides the basis of the name (eg. Prop…)
  2. Identify all the substituents and number their position on the parent chain to give the lowest number.
  3. Order the groups in alphabetical order.
  4. If the same substituent occurs more than once, use numbers to show where it is and prefix (eg. ‘di’ ‘tri’ ‘tetra’) for how many times it occurs.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A series of organic compounds with the same functional group, different by CH2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an aliphatic hydrocarbon?

A

A hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an alicyclic hydrocarbon?

A

A hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ring structure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an aromatic hydrocarbon?

A

a hydrocarbon containing at least one benzene ring.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What Prefix/Suffix is attached to the functional group alcohol? What is the formula?

A

-OH
Prefix: Hydroxy-
Suffix: -ol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the formula of the functional group of an aldehyde? What is its suffix?

A
  • CHO
  • Suffix: -al
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the formula of the functional group of carboxylic acid? What is its suffix?

A

-COOH
-oic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the formula of the functional groups of a haloalkane? What is its prefixes?

A

formulas: eg.
-F
-Cl
-Br
-I

prefixes:
fluoro-
chloro-
bromo-
iodo-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the formula of the functional group of a ketone? What is its suffix?

A

C-CO-C
-one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a functional group?

A

A group of atoms that are responsible for the chemical reactions of a compound.

17
Q

What is the Skeletal Formula of a hydrocarbon?

A

A simplified structure drawn by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains.

18
Q

What are structural isomers?

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

19
Q

What are Stereoisomers?

A

Organic compounds with the same molecular formula and structural formula but having different arrangements of atoms in space.

20
Q

What is meant by Cis-trans isomerism?

A

A type of E/Z isomerism in which the two substituent groups attached to both carbon atoms of the C=C bond are the same.

21
Q

What is meant by E/Z isomerism?

A

A type of stereoisomerism caused by the restricted rotation around the double bond - two different groups are attatched to both carbon atoms of the C=C double bond.

22
Q

What is a radical?

A

A highly reactive species with one or more unpaired electron.

23
Q

What are Reaction Mechanisms?

A

Models that show the movement of electron pairs during a reaction.

24
Q

What are Curly Arrows used for in Reaction Mechanisms?

A

Show the flow of electrons during reaction mechanisms.

25
Q

What is Homolytic Fission?

A

Fission that happens when each bonding atom receives on electron from the bonded pair, forming two radicals.

26
Q

What is Hetrolytic Fission?

A

Fission that happens when one bonding atom receives both electrons from the bonding pair.

27
Q

What are Isomers?

A

Organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms.

28
Q

What is Bond Fission?

A

The breaking of a bond.

29
Q

In mass spectrometry what is the possible identity of the fragment ion with an m/z peak of 15

A

CH3+

30
Q

In mass spectrometry what is the possible identity of the fragment ion with an m/z peak of 17

A

OH+ (alcohols)

31
Q

In mass spectrometry what is the possible identity of the fragment ion with an m/z peak of 29

A

C2H5+

32
Q

In mass spectrometry what is the possible identity of the fragment ion with an m/z peak of 43

A

C3H7+

33
Q

In mass spectrometry what is the possible identity of the fragment ion with an m/z peak of 57

A

C4H9+

34
Q

In Mass Spectroscopy what is the molecular ion peak (M+)?

A

The positive ion formed in mass spectrometry when a molecule loses an electron.

35
Q

What is Mass Spectrometry?

A

An analytical chemistry technique that helps identify the amount and type of chemicals present in a sample by measuring the mass/charge ratio and abundance of gas-phase ions.

Chemistry: A-level (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions