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history- russia jan mock ✰ > core knowledge 1929-1941 > Flashcards

core knowledge 1929-1941 Flashcards

1
Q

what economic policy did stalin reject?

A

the NEP

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2
Q

what was stalin’s economic policy called?

A

the ‘Great Turn’

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3
Q

what was stalin’s main aim with his economic policy?

A

to improve industry

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4
Q

when did stalin gain power?

A

1929

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5
Q

what was stalin’s phrase when it came to why he wanted to compete with the west?

A

‘either we do it or we shall be crushed’

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6
Q

how many five year plans did stalin introduce?

A

3

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7
Q

what did the five year plans lead to?

A

a huge increase in heavy industry but a lack of consumer goods

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8
Q

what were the dates of the five year plans?

A

•first 5 year plan (1928-1932)
•second 5 year plan (1933-1937)
•third 5 year plan (1938-1942)

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9
Q

which 2 projects showed large soviet success?

A

•Magnitogorsk
•Dnieper Dam

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10
Q

what soviet project had a huge human cost?

A

White Sea Canal

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11
Q

what did collectivisation merge smaller farms into?

A

kolkhoz

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12
Q

by march 1930 how many peasants had been collectivised?

A

over half

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13
Q

how many peasants had been collectivised by 1939?

A

90%

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14
Q

when was the famine in ukraine and how many deaths did it cause?

A

•1932-33
•led to over 3 million

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15
Q

what did dekulakisation aim to do?

A

to remove kulaks who were seen as ‘enemies of the people’

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16
Q

by 1934 what percentage of kulaks had been arrested or deported?

A

75%

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17
Q

what system of Lenin’s did Stalin maintain and extend?

A

his one party rule and centralised control

18
Q

what position did stalin hold and what did it entail?

A

•General Secretary
•stalin controlled major appointments in the party and he developed a bureaucracy of loyal servants

19
Q

what was the cult of personality?

A

a series of propaganda that emphasised Stalin as a god- like figure

20
Q

between what dates were there no congress gatherings?

A

between 1934 and 1939

21
Q

what was a key feature of stalin’s rule to maintain control?

A

terror

22
Q

by what date had the mechanisms of terror been established?

A

early 1930s

23
Q

what is an example of a show trial?

A

the 1928 Shakhty Trial

24
Q

what are Gulags?

A

corrective labour camps

25
Q

what happened to stalin’s wife?

A

she committed suicide in 1932

26
Q

what did stalin do following the suicide of his wife and after facing further criticism?

A

he turned on his own party, almost a million were excluded from the party and a number of high profile Bolsheviks were killed

27
Q

which high profile Bolsheviks were killed?

A

Kirov (1934)
Zinoviev (1936)
Kamenev (1936)

28
Q

what dates did the great terror occur between?

A

from 1937-1938 onwards

29
Q

who was the great terror directed at?

A

ordinary citizens

30
Q

who led the great terror?

A

Yezov and the NKVD

31
Q

what proportion of the soviet population were arrested during the purges?

A

1 in 18

32
Q

what did the Stakhanovite movement emphasise?

A

hard work

33
Q

in 1940, what percentage of the workforce were women?

A

43%

34
Q

when was the Konsomol formed?

A

1918

35
Q

how many members did the Konsomol have by 1941?

A

10 million members

36
Q

what did Lenin advocate for and what did it entail?

A

•he advocated for militant atheism
•he separated church and state in 1918

37
Q

how many monasteries did lenin liquidate by 1921?

A

579

38
Q

under stalin, by 1940 what had the number of Orthodox churches fallen to?

A

it had fallen to 500 from nearly 30,000

39
Q

what was the Glavit?

A

a literary censorship body

40
Q

when was the Glavit established?

A

in 1922

history- russia jan mock ✰ (8 decks)

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