Core concepts to know Flashcards
Symbolic interactionism
- blumer
- The meaning ascribed to the concept of a word is different for everyone depending on your context,
- example dogs are cute, but for someone whos been bitten they might vision them as aggressive
Looking-glass self
- cooley
- individuals base their sense of self off of how others view them
- appearing more confident in an interview due to approving looks from panel interviewers
Dramaturgy
Every interaction we have a script costume and a set that defines how we act in a certain situation
Impression management
- The process whereby we attempt to shape another person’s perception of us
- You wear dress pants or a skirt to a job interview instead of wearing your favorite jeans
- The clerk tries to appear busier when a supervisor is watching
backstage/frontstage
- backstage: Individuals let their guard down and do things that would be inappropriate or unexpected
- Frontstage: Where people feel compelled to present themselves in expected ways
Definitional disruption
Disruption of the definition of the situation can cause society to feel uncomfortable
Roles/teams
- Set of expectations that we attach to a social position
- Groups of people who work together in complementary roles to maintain the definition of the situation
Rational choice theory
- People weigh costs and benefits and act
- Accounts for why individuals make certain choices and take certain actions
Choice structuring properties
Those single or multiple features of particular criminal activities which make them differentially available and attractive to certain individuals at certain times
Labeling theory
Explains what happens when the label deviant is applied to a person
differential association theory
Criminal behavior is learned when you associate with other people who indulge in criminal behavior
Governmentality; panopticism
a set of social practices that encompass surveillance in modern society
Neoliberalism
- Separation of market and state
- Individuals are rational beings that behave according to a cost-benefit model
- Individuals are motivated by the competition engendered by a free market system
Youth control complex
the boys are always being punished, stigmatized, monitored, and criminalized
Criminalization
the act of turning an activity into a criminal offense by making it illegal
hyper criminalization
the behaviors, styles, and activities that an individual indulges in every day that is viewed by society as deviant.
material criminalization
the concrete experiences of harassment and punishment (detention, school suspension, incarceration)
symbolic criminalization
the constant surveillance, feeling of stigma and degrading interactions but not actually acting
symbolic punishment
racial microaggressions, security officer following a boy around a store because of the color of their skin
over-policing under policing paradox
- coming home from the liquor store,
- gang member pushes him and spills milk,
- finds a police officer but he ignores Jose,
- moment when Jose learns police don’t care when he’s actually experiencing criminal behavior
code of the streets
- a set of informal rules governing interpersonal public behavior, particularly violence
organic capital
- The creative response the boys in this study developed in the midst of blocked opportunity and criminalization.
- a type of capital boys develop because they have been excluded from social and cultural capital
dummy smart
A major form of resistance the boys use to mock the system
acting lawful
avoiding police, knowing how to respect them and talk to them
