Core Concepts and Skills

Question 1

• Medicines optimisation is about:

- The first step of medicines optimisation is to ensure that

Answer 1

• ensuring that patients get the best possible outcomes from their medicines.
• the right patients get the right choice of medicines at the right time. But the focus needs to be on the individual patient, their beliefs and their experiences.

Question 2

The goal of medicines optimisation is to help patients to improve their ______; take their medicines _____; improve _______; avoid ____ _______ _______; reduce _____ of medicines; and improve medicines and patient _____. Ultimately, medicines optimisation can help encourage patients to;

Answer 2

outcomes
correctly
adherence
taking unnecessary medicines
wastage
safety
take ownership of their treatment

Question 3

What are the seven elements of medicines optimisation

Answer 3

• improve outcomes
• take medicines correctly
• improve adherence
• avoid taking unnecessary medicines
• reduce wastage
• improve medicines and patient safety
• allow patient to take ownership of their tx

Question 4

How many principles is medicines optimisation outlined by?

Answer 4

4

Question 5

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual who’
- Behaves and acts professionally

Answer 5

Individual who

Question 6

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual’
- A member of a professional body

Answer 6

Professional

Question 7

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual who’
- Has professional values, attitudes and behaviours

Answer 7

Individual who

Question 8

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual who’
- An occupation for which there is a recognised representative professional body

Answer 8

Profession

Question 9

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual who’
- Exercises professionalism and professional judgement

Answer 9

Individual who

Question 10

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual’
- A member of a profession

Answer 10

Professional

Question 11

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual’
- An occupation that is regulated to ensure the maintenance of standards and codes of conduct

Answer 11

Profession

Question 12

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual’
- An occupation that benefits from professional standards and codes of conduct

Answer 12

Profession

Question 13

Choose from if the statement describes a ‘profession’, ‘professional’ or ‘individual’
- An occupation that is recognised by the public as a profession

Answer 13

Profession

Question 14

What are the steps followed in order to exercise professional judgement?

Answer 14

1. Identify the ethical dilemma or professional issue
2. Gather relevant information (facts, knowledge, laws, standards, good practice)
3. Generate options
4. Weigh up the risks and benefits of each option
5. Choose an option
6. Record

Question 15

Where the use of Summary Care Records is used in _________, other countries such as ________ and _______ use Emergency Care Summary and GP records, respectively.

Answer 15

England
Scotland
Wales

Question 16

Medicines reconciliation is the process of

Answer 16

identifying an accurate list of a patient’s current medicines (including OTC and complementary meds) and carrying out a comparison of these with the current list in use, recognising any discrepancies, and documenting any changes. It also takes into account the current health of the patient and any active or long-standing issues. any discrepancy is highlighted by the pharmacist to the multidisciplinary team and the patient.

Question 17

When does the process of medicines reconciliation take place?

Answer 17

Whenever patients are being transferred from one care setting to another, when they are admitted to hospital, transmitted between wards and on discharge.

Question 18

What are some sources of information that may be used when carrying out medicines reconciliation?

Answer 18

• Patient or patient representative
• Patient’s medicines
• Repeat prescriptions
• GP referral letters
• The patient’s GP surgery
• Community pharmacy PMR
• Care home records
• Hospital discharge summary or outpatient appointment notes
• Other healthcare professionals and specialist clinics
• PMRs where available (e.g. in prisons or the Emergency Care Summary (Scotland), GP Record (Wales) or Summary Care Record (England)