Core chemistry Flashcards
Define
element.
a substance made from atoms with the same number of protons in the nucleus
Define
atom.
the smallest particle of an element that still has its chemical properties
Define
molecule.
two or more atoms chemically joined together
Define
compound.
two or more different elements chemically joined together
Define
ion.
an electrically charged particle that is formed when an atom, or group of atoms, loses or gains electrons
Define
reactant.
the substance(s) that undergo a chemical change in a reaction
Define
product.
the new substance(s) formed from a chemical reaction
Define
precipitate.
the insoluble solid that may form from oppositely charged ions in solution
Define
hazard.
something that could cause:
- damage or harm to someone or something
- adverse health effects, which may occur immediately or later on
Define
risk.
the chance that someone or something will be harmed if exposed to a hazard
What are some factors that affect
risk?
(3)
- how much someone is exposed to a hazard
- the way in which exposure happens
- how serious the effects of exposure are
What is the purpose of
hazard symbols?
- warn about the dangers associated with the substance in the container
- let people know about the precautions to take when they use the substance
Define
precation.
something that you can do to reduce the risk of harm from a hazard
What are some examples of
precautions?
(3)
- using a less hazardous substance
- using protective clothing (e.g. gloves, eye protection)
- using a different method or apparatus
What does the hazard symbol for
harmful or irritant
look like?
an exclamation mark
(in a red diamond)
