Core Azure Services (30%-35%) Flashcards
What is a data center?
- Physical facility that hosts servers
- Group of networked servers
- Own power, cooling, and network infrastructure
What are Azure Regions and Region Pairs?
- Region - three or more zones
- Group of data centers that are connected with internet connectivity - low latency network for speed efficiencies (<2 milliseconds)
- Can vary in size
- Distributed across the globe
- Services only available in certain regions - some services are global - 50+ countries
- Region pairs - connected regions in case one region goes does. Can replicate data on multiple regions
- Regions are paired with exactly one region
- Very important to distaste recovery
Datacenter -→ Zone -→ Region -→ Region pairs
What are Geographies?
- Region pairs are within the same geography
- Contain two or more regions
Datacenter -→ Zone -→ Region -→ Region Pairs -→ Geography
What are Availability Zones?
- One or more datacenters
- Helps protect from data center failures - other data centers can pickup the slack
What are Zonal Services and Zone redundancy?
- Zonal Services - can deploy VMs to different data centers/availability zones
- Zone redundant - services will work across multiple availability zones
What is a resource?
- Resource represents a service you can purchase including all of the configurations that you makes
- Ex. SQL
- Comes as a JSON file
What is a resouce group?
- Grouping of logically related resources
- Often grouped by lifecycle (dev versus prod)
- By department, location, billing
- A resource can only be in one resource group
- Resources can be in the same group, but in different geographical locations
- Resources can be moved between groups
What is a Resource Manager?
- Management layer for resources - controlling access and resources
What is virtualization?
- Emulation of physical machines
- Different virtual hardware configuration per machine
- Different operating system per machine
What is a virtual machine?
- Infrastructure as a service
- Control over operating system sand software
- Custom images
- Suited for custom software requiring specific configuration
- Each virtual machine has its own operating system on top of the host operating system of the server.
What is a VM Scale Sets?
One of the Availability Options: No Infratructure redundancy required, Availability Zone (separate your resources within an Azure region), VM Scale Set (Distriute resources in VMs across zones), Availability Set (distribute your VMs across multiple fault domains)
- Infrastructure as a service
- Set of identical virtual machines
- Built-in auto scaling features
- Load balancer helps distribute users based on usage
No Redundancy Required -→ Availability Zone (choose one Zone) -→ VM Scale Set (Across multiple zones)
What is a container? What are the benefit versus a virtual machine?
What types of apps should use containerization?
- Each container does not have its own operating system, instead it uses the host operating system on the server.*
- You split the hardware and the operation system
Benefits:
- More lightweight and less maintenance than a virtual machine
Types of Apps:
- Small and simple web apps
- No auto scaling
What is Kubernetes service? What are the benefits?
- Open source container orchestration platform
- Platform as a Service
- Highly scalable and highly customizable
- Maintenance is high
- Helps load balance containers and Nodes (VMs) that run the containers
What is Docker?
- Starts the process of containerization
What are Function Apps? What types of apps are suitable for Function apps?
What are the drawbacks and benefits?
- Platform as a Service
- Severless
- Totally basic on traffic
- Consumption based pricing model
- Design for microservices
- Not for large apps and services
- Very little control and requires little maintenance
What are the major Comute Services?
- Virtual Machine - Infrastructure as a Service
- VM Scale Sets - Infrastructure as a Service
- Container Instances - Platform as a Service
- Kubernetes Service - Platform as a Service
- App Services - Platform as a Service
- Function Apps - Platform as a Service
What is Azure Virtual Network?
- Secure network for computer communication
- Logically isolated
- Segmented into sections called subnets
- Scoped to a region - Vnet peering allows for communication across regions
What is VPN Gateway?
- VPN Gateway connects on premise to virtual networks and virtual networks to each other
- Vnet peering
What is Azure Load Balancer and when is it used?
- Distributes traffic evenly
- For non-HTTP (non-web) traffic
- Support inbound and outbound traffic
- Highly scalable
What is Azure Application Gateway and when do you use it?
- Distributees traffic for HTTP (web) traffic
- Web app firewall
What is a Content Delivery Network?
- Distributes content across the globe to reduce latency
- Redirection
- URL routing
What are 3 types of Azure Storage Services?
- Structured Data - data is well organized with common properties
- Unstructured Data - data is less formalized - text files, video files, apps, etc.
- Semi-Structured Data - rows have different properties, but all rows have a unique key in common
What is Azure Storage Account Offerings used for? What are a few example options of storage services?
- To store unstructured and semi structured data
- Highly scalable, highly durable, cheapest option
- Blob, Queue, File, Table
What is the Azure Blob Storage?
- Binary Large Object - a storage service for any type of file
- Three storage tiers - hot (frequently used), cool (rarely used), Archive (almost never)
- Unstructured data
What is Azure Queue Storage?
Can store small pieces of data for asynchronous processing
What is Azure Table Storage?
- Can input semi structured data into tables
- NoSQL database - designed for fast access
What is Azure FIle Storage?
Same as blobs storage but accessed differently
What is Disk Storage?
- Disk emulation in the cloud for Virtual Machines
- Can be managed and unmanaged
- Different sizes, types, performance tiers
Disk storage usually refers to hard drive storage - used for long-term file storing
What is Azure Cosmos DB?
- NoSQL Database that doesn’t need a schema
- Main benefit - easily replicable globally
- Highly responsive, low latency
- Multiple APIs for effective query
What is the SQL DB?
- Structured database
- Highly reliable
- Rich query capabilities
- Relational database
What is Azure SQL DB?
All the options:
- SQL Managed Instance - fully fledged SQL Server
- SQL on VM - Fully fledged sql server on Infrastructure as a Service
- Database for MySQL - Database management tool for Azure
- Database for PostGreSQL - more advanced version of SQL with foreign keys and sub query features, functions
- SQL on VM - as part of Infrastructure as a service
- SQL DW - data warehouse for high data processing, highly scalable
