Core 2: Factors Affecting Performance

Question 1

energy systems

Answer 1

• alactacid system (ATP/PC)
• lactic acid system
• aerobic system

Question 2

types of training and training methods

Answer 2

• aerobic, eg continuous, Fartlek, aerobic interval, circuit
• anaerobic, eg anaerobic interval
• flexibility, eg static, ballistic, PNF, dynamic
• strength training, eg free/fixed weights, elastic, hydraulic

Question 3

principles of training

Answer 3

• progressive overload
• specificity
• reversibility
• variety
• training thresholds
• warm up and cool down

Question 4

physiological adaptations in response to training

Answer 4

• resting heart rate
• stroke volume and cardiac output
• oxygen uptake and lung capacity
• haemoglobin level
• muscle hypertrophy
• effect on fast/slow twitch muscle fibres

Question 5

motivation

Answer 5

• positive and negative
• intrinsic and extrinsic

Question 6

anxiety and arousal

Answer 6

• trait and state anxiety
• sources of stress
• optimum arousal

Question 7

psychological strategies to enhance motivation and manage anxiety

Answer 7

• concentration/attention skills (focusing)
• mental rehearsal/visualisation/imagery
• relaxation techniques
• goal-setting

Question 8

nutritional considerations

Answer 8

• pre-performance, including carbohydrate loading
• during performance
• post-performance

Question 9

supplementation

Answer 9

• vitamins/minerals
• protein
• caffeine
• creatine products

Question 10

recovery strategies

Answer 10

• physiological strategies, eg cool down, hydration
• neural strategies, eg hydrotherapy, massage
• tissue damage strategies, eg cryotherapy
• psychological strategies, eg relaxation

Question 11

stages of skill acquisition

Answer 11

• cognitive
• associative
• autonomous

Question 12

characteristics of the learner, eg personality, heredity, confidence, prior experience, ability

Answer 12

• none

Question 13

the learning environment

Answer 13

• nature of the skill (open, closed, gross, fine, discrete, serial, continuous, self-paced, externally paced)
• the performance elements (decision-making, strategic and tactical development)
• practice method (massed, distributed, whole, part)
• feedback (internal, external, concurrent, delayed, knowledge of results, knowledge of performance)