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PDHPE > Core 1 - Better Health For The Individual > Flashcards

Core 1 - Better Health For The Individual Flashcards

1
Q

Definitions of health over time

-500 bc

A

Equal and cooperative mingling of separate elements of human nature

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2
Q

Definitions of health over time

-1913

A

The state of being free from physical pain or disease

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3
Q

Definitions of health over time

-Before WWII

A

Health was considered the opposite of illness > if there was no evidence of illness you were deemed healthy, if not doctors would attempt to cure you with drugs

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4
Q

Definitions of health over time

-WHO (World Health Organisation) 1947

A

Defined health as “A complete state of physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”

     - This is a holistic approach
     - Disabilities may be considered 'unhealthy' 
     - Dons't realise health is dynamic
     - Based on traditional views
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5
Q

Definitions of health over time
-WHO (World Health Organisation)
1957

A

“Health is a condition or quality of the human organism which expresses adequate functions under given genetic and environmental conditions”

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6
Q

Definitions of health over time
-WHO (World Health Organisation)
1986

A

“A resource for everyday living, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasising social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities” - WHO in conjunction with the OTTAWA Charter (New era of public health)

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7
Q

Definitions of health over time

-AUSTRALIAN BETTER HEALTH COMMISSION 1986

A

“To the community good health means a higher standard of living, greater participation in making and implementing community health policies and reducing health costs”

Good health is much more than a physical state it encompasses many dimensions

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8
Q

Dimensions of health

-Physical

A

State of your physical body

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9
Q

Dimensions of health

-Mental

A

State of mind

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10
Q

Dimensions of health

-Spiritual

A

Religious beliefs & values

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11
Q

Dimensions of health

-Social

A

Relationships, friends and family

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12
Q

Relative and Dynamic Nature of Heath

-Relative health definition

A

Relative health is health in relation to another period of time, in relation to your potential or in relation to others

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13
Q

Relative and Dynamic Nature of Health
Our state of health changes over time, so we can say it is dynamic.
-Dynamic nature of health factors are?

A
  • The interactions between dimensions
  • The concept of good health
  • The health continuum
  • How health changes over time
  • How individual s circumstance impacts on health over time
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14
Q

What happens when the status of of one dimension is compromised?

A

The other dimensions will be affected

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15
Q

What does the health continuum look like?

A

High level wellnessDeath

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16
Q

What are the environmental impacts on health?

A
  • Physical
  • Socio-cultural
  • Socioeconomic
  • Political
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17
Q

What can health do in relation to circumstance?

A

Deteriorate or improve

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18
Q

We construct our own meaning of health depending on our social circumstances. This is known as a…?

A

Social Construct

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19
Q

Behavior of Young People

Adolescence is a time of…?

A
  • Rapid emotional, physical and intellectual transition.
  • Moving from dependent children to independent adults
  • Making decisions that can impact health and well being
  • Complexity due to social, economic, environmental and technological changes
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20
Q

Behavior of Young People

In relation to individual level of wellness or illness we take into account..?

A

Different states of health and their dangerous nature.

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21
Q

Behavior of Young People

What are adopted by groups..?

A

Sterotypes

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22
Q

Behavior of Young People

Most common substance abuse among young people?

A
  • Alcohol
  • Tobacco
  • To a lesser extent marijuana
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23
Q

Behavior of Young People

What are the short term problems of substance abuse?

A
  • Hospitalization
  • Injuries
  • Psychotic disorders
  • Dependence
  • Withdraw
  • Anemia
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24
Q

Behavior of Young People

What are the long term problems of substance abuse?

A
  • Depression
  • Liver damage
  • Infections
  • HIV
  • Heart and Brain damage
  • Cancer
  • Serious health conditions
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25
Q

Behavior of Young People

What are the social problems of substance abuse?

A
  • Legal/Financial difficulties
  • Conflict within family/relationships
  • Antisocial behaviors
  • Low self esteem
  • Acedemic failure
  • Leave school early
26
Q

What is harm minimization?

A

To make the window people might hurt themselves smaller

27
Q

Behavior of Young People

What are the best preventative behaviors?

A
  • Abstain

- Follow sensible drinking behaviours

28
Q

Behavior of Young People

What do young people with higher levels of education experience?

A
  • Fewer illnesses
  • Better mental health
  • Access to employment that is safer, secure and is generally paid more
29
Q

Behavior of Young People

What are people who fail to complete school more likely to experience?

A
  • Unemployment
  • Low self esteem
  • Poor physical health
  • Poor mental health
30
Q

Behavior of Young People

Sexual health during adolescence is a time when individuals?

A

Develop sexually and establish their personal and sexual identity

31
Q

Behavior of Young People

Issues with teen sex are?

A
  • Pregnancy

- STIs

32
Q

Behavior of Young People

What percentage of sexually active you use some sort of contraception?

A

90%

33
Q

Behavior of Young People

What are preventative behaviors in relation to sexual problems?

A
  • Abstain
  • Knowledge
  • Access to health services
  • Access to contraception
  • Regular self checks
34
Q

Behavior of Young People

What percentage of drivers aged 17-25 are involved in fatal crashes?

A

20%

35
Q

Behavior of Young People

What are influencing factors in fatal crashes?

A
  • Speeding
  • Alcohol
  • Attitudes
  • Drivng skill
36
Q

Behavior of Young People

Are adolescents are most at risk of being victims of crime and being injured in criminal activities?

A

Yes

37
Q

Behavior of Young People

Crime interferes with?

A
  • School
  • Social-economic status
  • Ability to get a job
  • Travel
38
Q

Behavior of Young People

What can crime lead to?

A
  • Depression
  • Jail
  • Financial difficulties
39
Q

Behavior of Young People

Best preventative factor for crime?

A

Don’t become involved

40
Q

Protective and Risk Factors

What is a protective factor?

A

conditions or attributes (skills, strengths, resources, supports or coping strategies) in individuals, families, communities or the larger society that help people deal more effectively with stressful events and mitigate or eliminate risk in families and communities.

41
Q

Protective and Risk Factors

What is a risk factor?

A

Any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. Some examples of the more important risk factors are underweight, unsafe sex, high blood pressure, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene.

42
Q

Protective and Risk Factors

What risk factors contribute to much of the burden and death of young people?

A
  • Mortality
  • Injury and Poisoning
  • Mental Health
  • Overweight and Obesity
  • Sun Protection
  • Substance Abuse
  • Education and Employment
  • Sexual Health
  • Road Safety
  • Crime
43
Q

Protective and Risk Factors

What protective factors are in place for youth?

A
  • Education
  • Employment
  • Sexual Health
  • Road safety
  • Laws
44
Q

The Determinants of Health

What are the determinants of health?

A
  • Individual
  • Sociocultural status
  • Socioeconomic status
  • Environmental conditions
45
Q

The Determinants of Health

What do determinants help to do?

A

Explain and predict trends in health

46
Q

The Determinants of Health

What behaviors affect individual?

A
  • Knowledge
  • Skills
  • Attitudes
  • Genetics
47
Q

The Determinants of Health

What are sociocultural factors?

A
  • Family
  • Peers
  • Media
  • Religion
  • Culture
48
Q

The Determinants of Health

What are the socioeconomic factors?

A
  • Employment
  • Education
  • Income
49
Q

The Determinants of Health

What are The environmental factors?

A
  • Human made environments> Clean air, water, fresh foods
  • Natural environments> Natural disasters
  • Human cause changes> Climate change, land degradation
  • Geographic location
  • Access to health services and technology
50
Q

Modifiable and Non-modifiable Health Determinants

What are modifiable health determinants?

A

Modifiable health determinants are changeable actions that effect health

e. g - Smoking
- Diet
- Lifestyle

51
Q

Modifiable and Non-modifiable Health Determinants

What are non-modifiable determinants of health?

A

Non-modifiable health determinants can’t be effected

e. g - Age
- Gender
- Genetics
- Some environmental factors
- Politics

52
Q

Health Promotion

What is health promotion?

A

The process that enables people to improve or have greater control over their health.

53
Q

Health Promotion

What is the aim of HP?

A

To help individual or group reach a state of complete physical, mental, social wellbeing

54
Q

Health Promotion

What does HP make possible?

A

To increase control over determinants of health and thereby improve health

55
Q

Health Promotion

Whose responsibility is HP?

A
  • Individual
  • Community
  • Schools
  • Health professionals
  • Government
56
Q

Health Promotion

What are HP strategies?

A

Educaltional and motivational approaches sdressing factors that may pose risks
E.g
- Enabling
- Creating environments that are supportive of health
- Advocating to create the essential conditions for health

57
Q

The OTTAWA Charter

When and why was the the OTTAWA Charter created?

A

In 1978 the OTTAWA Charter was created to improve all health.

58
Q

The OTTAWA Charter

What does DCSRB stand for?

A
  • Developing personal skills
  • Creating supportive environments
  • Strenthening community actions
  • Reorienting health services
  • Building healthy public policy
59
Q

The OTTAWA Charter

What does developing Personal Skills involve?

A

Personal and Social development through providing information.
This information allows the individual to exercise more control over their environment and make choices that compliment their health.
E.g
- Health education in schools
- Anti-smoking programs

60
Q

The OTTAWA Charter

What does Creating Supportive Environments involve?

A

Encouraging reciprocal maintenance- To take care of each other and our community.
E.g
-Smoke alarms being implemented
-Healthy canteens

PDHPE (1 decks)

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