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COMPTIA A+ > Core 1 > Flashcards

Core 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is Optial Character Recognition, or OCR?

A

technology that converts documents/images into editable digital text

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2
Q

what is Digital Rights Management, or DRM?

A

technology that protects against copyright infringement

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3
Q

what is Intelligent Character Recognition, or ICR?

A

technology that translates handwriting into digital form

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4
Q

what issues are connected to grinding noise, paper jams, faded print & blank page printed?

A

grinding: carriage, fuser, toner, rollers / jam: sep. pad, worn rollers, wrong paper / faded: low ink, toner, draft mode / blank: driver, no ink, toner

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5
Q

what makes up an IPv6 address?

A

network prefix, interface identifier

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6
Q

what is Network Access Control, or NAC?

A

defines and enforces network access policies

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7
Q

what is Public Key Infrastructure, or PKI?

A

hiearchical system of digital certificates

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8
Q

what is Remote Monitoring and Management, or RMM?

A

enables remote access over network devices

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9
Q

what is Acceptable Use Policy, or AUP?

A

rules for users of computers, networks

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10
Q

what is stateful address configuration?

A

using DHCPv6 server to assign addresses

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11
Q

what is StateLess Address AutoConfiguration, or SLAAC?

A

uses Router Advertisements (RA) and the device’s MAC address to generate its own unique IPv6 address

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12
Q

what is Recursive and Iterative Lookup?

A

DNS mapping to resolve name to IP address. Recursive keeps going, Iterative stops and suggests next DNS server to try

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13
Q

what is Zeroconf and Bonjour?

A

allow devices on LAN to automatically discover each other and establish communication without requiring manual configuration.

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14
Q

what do VPN’s use and what’re the 3 types?

A

full or split tunnel / site-to-site, client-to-site, clientless

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15
Q

what 4 pieces of info do you need to statically assign an IP address?

A

IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS server

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16
Q

what are private, non-routable IPv4 addresses?

A

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 / 172.16.00 to 172.31.255.255 / 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

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17
Q

what does CIDR notation signify? (x.x.x.x/8)

A

the number of bits used for the network portion of the address. (/16= the network is 16 bits)

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18
Q

what are the 4 layers that data travels?

A

link/LAN (what data), internet (where its going), transport (how its going, udp, tcp), application (what to do with it)

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19
Q

what are 2 other terms for a microwave connection?

A

WISP (the providers), WiMax (the technology)

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20
Q

what are 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G networks?

A

2G: GSM / 3G: WCDMA, HSPA, HSPA+ / 4G: LTE, LTE-A, MIMO / 5G: low, mid, high band

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21
Q

what are the specs of ADSL, SDSL, VDSL?

A

ADSL: 24 Mbps DL 1.4 Mbps UL / SDSL: 2.3 Mbps DL=UL / VDSL: 100 Mbps DL 10 Mbps UL

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22
Q

what is a cable modem?

A

device that connects computers/networks to the internet via a cable television line, using coaxial copper cabling

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23
Q

how does DSL work?

A

connects to DSL modem through existing telephone lines, using twisted-pair copper cabling

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24
Q

instead of strictly coaxial cabling, some Cable ISP’s use hybrid fiber/coaxial cabling. How is that configured?

A

fiber used for longer distances and coaxial cables are used for the final connection to individual customers.

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25
Q

which technologies are licensed and unlicensed out of 802.11, cellular, microwave, and satellite?

A

unlicensed: 802.11 / licensed: cellular, microwave, satellite

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26
Q

what are 4 connection types used with SSD’s?

A

mSATA, SATA, PCIe, M.2

27
Q

what is containerization?

A

isolated virtualization, no hypervisor / Containers are not VMs; rather, they are a lightweight way to run applications in isolated environments using the host OS.

28
Q

what does nslookup do?

A

a command-line tool that queries DNS to obtain domain name or IP address information, helping troubleshoot network issues related to DNS.

29
Q

what does tracert do?

A

a command-line tool that tracks the route packets take to reach a destination, identifying each hop along the way

30
Q

what are the 3 groups of the port numbers, in order?

A

well known, nonephemeral/registered, and ephemeral/dynamic/private

31
Q

what are the capacities of SDRAM, and DDR1 through DDR5?

A

512 MB, 1 GB, 4 GB, 8 GB, 32 GB, 128 GB

32
Q

what are the speeds of SDRAM, and DDR1 through DDR5?

A

0.5 to 1 / 1 to 3 / 3 to 6 / 6 to 17 / 12 to 25 / 38 to 51 (GT/s = gigatransfers per second)(1GT = 1 billion)

33
Q

what is Preboot Execution Environment, or PXE?

A

a method of booting an Operating System over a network

34
Q

what protocols do WEP, WPA, and WPA2 use?

A

WEP uses IV and RC4 / WPA uses TKIP (with RC4) / WPA2 uses AES and CCMP

35
Q

what can cause performance issues in a network?

A

speed or duplex mismatch (between NIC & switch) / malware / NIC driver not up-to-date

36
Q

what are the dimensions of ATX, Mini-ATX, Micro-ATX, and Mini-ITX?

A

ATX: 12 x 9.6 / Mini-A: 11.2 x 8.2 / Micro-A: 9.6 x 9.6 / Mini-ITX: 6.7 x 6.7

37
Q

what voltages are used in a PC?

A

12 VDC, 5 VDC, 3.3VDC (3.3 and 5 are positive, 12 is both positive and negative)

38
Q

what is Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification, or DOCSIS?

A

a telecommunications standard that enables high-speed internet access via cable television systems

39
Q

what is SRAM?

A

static / expensive, faster, smaller capacity, cache memory, doesn?t need refreshing

40
Q

what is DRAM?

A

dynamic / cheaper, slower, larger capacity, main memory, needs constant electrical refreshing, no synch with system

41
Q

what is SDRAM?

A

synchronous dynamic / synchronizes with system clock cycle, 1 million clock pulses = 1 million data transfers, better performance

42
Q

what is DDR RAM?

A

double data rate / also synchronizes with system clock cycle but transfers data 2x per clock cycle, instead of 1x

43
Q

what issues does a white stripe on a laser printed page indicate?

A

uneven toner, clogged toner, worn out drum, defective fuser

44
Q

what issues does a black stripe on a laser printed page indicate?

A

corona wire issue, toner build up, leaky toner cartridge, worn out drum, defective fuser

45
Q

what is the laser printing process?

A

corona charges drum, laser neutralizes charges on drum, toner applied to drum, toner transferred to paper, toner fused, brush/blade cleans drum

46
Q

what does “on demand” mean in cloud computing?

A

instantly access computing resources like storage, proccessing power, or applications

47
Q

what is Secure Boot?

A

crosschecks software/firmware with trusted digital signature database that’re stored in UEFI

48
Q

what does a dusty print indicate when using a laser printer?

A

issue with fuser

49
Q

what is a Private virtualization network?

A

VM’s can communicate with other VM’s but not host or external network

50
Q

what is a Bridged Adapter virtualization network?

A

VM’s connect directly to host’s network, they have their own public and private IP address

51
Q

what is an External virtualization network?

A

VM’s can communicate with other VM’s, host, and external network

52
Q

what is a NAT virtualization network?

A

VM’s share host’s public IP address, but have their own private IP address. Host acts as a router.

53
Q

what is an Internal virtualization network?

A

VM’s can communicate with other VM’s and host but not with external network

54
Q

what is Host-only virtualization network?

A

VM’s can communicate with the host, but not other VM’s or external network

55
Q

what is a “thin” client?

A

a PC that relies on a central server for strorage and processing

56
Q

what part combines 4 colors and what part apples a charge to paper to attract toner in laser printing?

A

transfer belt applies colors and transfers toner from drum to paper / transfer roller applies charge to paper

57
Q

what do VLAN’s need in order to communicate with other VLAN’s?

A

a router

58
Q

which cabling supports PoE?

A

twisted pair copper (cat 5, 6, etc) but not fiber or coaxial

59
Q

does a “test print” on a printer need network connectivity?

A

no

60
Q

what frequency does zigbee and z-wave use? Which is proprietary and which is open source?

A

zigbee uses 2.4 Hz and is open source. Z-wave is 800-900 MHz and is proprietary

61
Q

can a faulty power supply still apply power to some components?

A

yes

62
Q

what does F8, F11 and F12 do?

A

F8 - troubleshooting, safe mode / F11 - recovery reset, repair / F12 - boot device menu

63
Q

what is Asynchronous Transfer Mode, or ATM?

A

network protocol that provides high-speed connection between devices on a WAN

64
Q

what is MicroSoft Remote Assistance, or MSRA?

A

Windows troubleshooting tool, temporary, OTP

COMPTIA A+ (1 decks)

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