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CompTIA A+ > Core 1 > Flashcards

Core 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does ‘32-bit versus 64-bit’ refer to?

A

Processing modes referring to the size of each instruction processed by the CPU. 32-bit CPUs replaced earlier 16-bit CPUs and were used through the 1990s to the present day, though most PC and laptop CPUs now work in 64-bit mode. The main 64-bit platform is called AMD64 or EM64T (by Intel). Software can be compiled as 32-bit or 64-bit. 64-bit CPUs can run most 32-bit software, but a 32-bit CPU cannot execute 64-bit software.

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2
Q

What is a 3-D Printer?

A

Hardware device capable of small-scale manufacturing. Most 3-D printers use either a variety of filament (typically plastic) or resin media with different properties.

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3
Q

What are 802.11 standards?

A

Specifications developed by IEEE for wireless networking over microwave radio transmission in the 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz frequency bands. The Wi-Fi standards brand has six main iterations: a, b, g, Wi-Fi 4 (n), Wi-Fi 5 (ac), and Wi-Fi 6 (ax). These specify different modulation techniques, supported distances, and data rates, plus special features, such as channel bonding, MIMO, and MU-MIMO.

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4
Q

What is an access point (AP)?

A

Device that provides a connection between wireless devices and can connect to wired networks, implementing an infrastructure mode WLAN.

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4
Q

What is 802.3 Ethernet?

A

Standards developed as the IEEE 802.3 series describing media types, access methods, data rates, and distance limitations at OSI layers 1 and 2 using xBASE-y designations.

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5
Q

What is an adapter cable?

A

Peripheral cable converting between connector form factors or between signaling types, such as DisplayPort to HDMI.

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6
Q

Who is Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)?

A

CPU manufacturer providing healthy competition for Intel. AMD chips such as the K6 or Athlon 64 and latterly the Ryzen have been very popular with computer manufacturers and have often out-performed their Intel equivalents.

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7
Q

Who is Advanced RISC Machines (ARM)?

A

Designer of CPU and chipset architectures widely used in mobile devices. RISC stands for reduced instruction set computing. RISC microarchitectures use a small number of simple instructions that can be performed as a single operation. This contrasts with complex (CISC) microarchitectures, which use a large set of more powerful instructions that can take more than one operation to complete.

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8
Q

What is the advanced technology extended (ATX) form factor?

A

Standard PC case, motherboard, and power supply specification. Mini-, Micro-, and Flex-ATX specify smaller board designs.

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9
Q

What is airplane mode?

A

A toggle found on mobile devices enabling the user to disable and enable wireless functionality quickly.

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10
Q

What is the app store?

A

eature of mobile computing that provides a managed interface for installing third-party software apps.

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11
Q

What is the application programming interface (API) ?

A

Library of programming utilities used, for example, to enable software developers to access functions of the TCP/IP network stack under a particular operating system.

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12
Q

What is application virtualization?

A

Software delivery model where the code runs on a server and is streamed to a client.

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13
Q

What is the authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) concept?

A

Security concept where a centralized platform verifies subject identification, ensures the subject is assigned relevant permissions, and then logs these actions to create an audit trail.

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14
Q

What is an automatic document feeder (ADF)?

A

Device that feeds media automatically into a scanner or printer.

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15
Q

What is automatic private IP addressing (APIPA) ?

A

Mechanism for Windows hosts configured to obtain an address automatically that cannot contact a DHCP server to revert to using an address from the range 169.254.x.y. This is also called a link-local address.

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16
Q

What is a backlight?

A

LED or fluorescent lamp that illuminates the image on a flat-panel (TFT) screen. If the backlight component fails, only a dim image will be shown.

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17
Q

What is the basic input/output system (BIOS)

A

Legacy 32-bit firmware type that initializes hardware and provides a system setup interface for configuring boot devices and other hardware settings.

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18
Q

What is a basic service set ID (BSSID)?

A

MAC address of an access point supporting a basic service area.

19
Q

What is a battery?

A

Power source for a portable computer, typically a rechargeable Lithium-ion (Li-ion) type. A small coin cell battery is also used in a computer to power CMOS RAM.

20
Q

What are beep codes?

A

During POST, errors in hardware or the system firmware data can be brought to the attention of the user by beep noises. Each beep code is able to draw attention to a particular fault with the hardware. It was once customary for a computer to beep once to indicate that POST has been successful, though most modern computers boot silently.

21
Q

What is the binary system?

A

Notational system with two values per digit (zero and one). Computers process code in binary because the transistors in its CPU and memory components also have two states (off and on).

22
Q

What is biometric authentication?

A

Authentication mechanism that allows a user to perform a biometric scan to operate an entry or access system. Physical characteristics stored as a digital data template can be used to authenticate a user. Typical features used include facial pattern, iris, retina, fingerprint pattern, and signature recognition.

23
Q

What is the blue screen of death (BSOD)?

A

Microsoft status screen that indicates an error from which the system cannot recover (also called a stop error). Blue screens are usually caused by bad driver software or hardware faults (memory or disk). Other operating systems use similar crash indicators, such as Apple’s pinwheel and Linux’s kernel panic message.

24
Q

What is Bluetooth?

A

Short-range, wireless radio-network-transmission medium normally used to connect two personal devices, such as a mobile phone and a wireless headset.

25
Q

What is a Blu-ray Disc?

A

Latest generation of optical drive technology, with disc capacity of 25 GB per layer. Transfer rates are measured in multiples of 36 MB/s.

26
Q

What is a boot option?

A

Disk or network adapter device from which an operating system can be loaded.

27
Q

What is the boot password?

A

Feature of system setup that prevents the computer from booting until the correct user password is supplied. A supervisor password restricts access to the system setup program.

28
Q

What is bus?

A

Connections between components on the motherboard and peripheral devices providing data pathways, memory addressing, power supply, timing, and connector/port form factor.

29
Q

What is a cable modem?

A

Cable-Internet-access digital modem that uses a coaxial connection to the service provider’s fiber-optic core network.

30
Q

What is a cable stripper?

A

Tool for stripping cable jacket or wire insulation.

31
Q

What is cable tester?

A

Two-part tool used to test successful termination of copper cable by attaching to each end of a cable and energizing each wire conductor in turn with an LED to indicate an end-to-end connection.

32
Q

What is a capture card?

A

Adapter card designed to record video from a source such as a TV tuner or games console.

33
Q

What is a carriage belt?

A

Inkjet print device component that moves the print head over the paper.

34
Q

What is cellular radio?

A

Standards for implementing data access over cellular networks are implemented as successive generations. For 2G (up to about 48 Kb/s) and 3G (up to about 42 Mb/s), there are competing GSM and CDMA provider networks. Standards for 4G (up to about 90 Mb/s) and 5G (up to about 300 Mb/s) are developed under converged LTE standards.

35
Q

What is the central processing unit (CPU)?

A

Principal microprocessor in a PC or mobile device responsible for running firmware, operating system, and applications software.

36
Q

What is a certificate?

A

Issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) as a guarantee that a public key it has issued to an organization to encrypt messages sent to it genuinely belongs to that organization.

37
Q

What is a certificate authority (CA)?

A

Server that guarantees subject identities by issuing signed digital certificate wrappers for their public keys.

38
Q

What is a channel?

A

Subdivision of frequency bands used by Wi-Fi products into smaller channels to allow multiple networks to operate at the same location without interfering with one another.

39
Q

What is channel bonding?

A

Capability to aggregate one or more adjacent wireless channels to increase bandwidth.

40
Q

What is a chipset?

A

Processors embedded on a motherboard to support the operation of the CPU and implementing various controllers (for memory, graphics, I/O, and so on).

41
Q

What is the clock in a computer?

A

System clock signal that synchronizes the operation of all of the components within a PC. It also provides the basic timing signal for the processor, bus, and memory. The CPU typically runs at many multiples of the basic clock speed.

42
Q

What is cloud computing?

A

Computing architecture where on-demand resources provisioned with the attributes of high availability, scalability, and elasticity are billed to customers on the basis of metered utilization.

43
Q

What is the cloud service model?

A

Classifying the provision of cloud services and the limit of the cloud service provider’s responsibility as software, platform, infrastructure, and so on.

44
Q

What is a cloud service provider (CSP)?

A

Organization providing infrastructure, application, and/or storage services via an “as a service” subscription-based, cloud-centric offering.

45
Q

What is a coaxial cable?

A

Media type using two separate conductors that share a common axis categorized using the Radio Grade (RG) specifications.

CompTIA A+ (1 decks)

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