Core 1 Flashcards
What is epidemiology?
The study of patterns and cause of health issues / diseases in populations, and study of this study to improve health.
Where do you collect epidemiology from?
The collection of data from hospitals, GP’s, health care and census information.
How is the information for epidemiology used to improve health?
Data and trends are gathered and analysed to help identify priority health issues and possible causes of disease or illness.
What is mortality?
The leading causes of death in Australia
Examples of mortality and trend:
• Cardiovascular disease
• Cerebrovascular disease
• Alzheimer’s and dementia
• Lung cancer
- Australia’s death rate is on the decline.
what is infant mortality?
The number of deaths among children aged under 1 year in a given period
what is the current trend for infant mortality?
Australia’s infant mortality rate is on the decline.
What is morbidity?
Refers to ill health within an individual
examples of morbidity and trend:
Increased rates of diabetes and dementia.
what is life expectancy?
An indication of how long a person can expect to live
What is the life average life expectancy of women and men?
• Women live to the age of 84.9
• Men live to the age of 80.7
Define equity:
The quality of being fair and impartial.
What is an example of Equity?
ATSI is a group of people who require additional funding and resources in order to improve health outcomes, as they have poorer health.
Define diversity:
The differences that exist between people.
What is an example of diversity?
Having language interpreters in hospitals.
Define supportive environments:
Where people live, work and play, to protect people from health threats and that increase their ability to make health-promoting choices.
What is an example of supportive environments?
Rural and remote people whose environment is not as supportive as others, as they don’t have as much access to health care facilities.
What are population groups that have poorer health compared to the rest of Australia?
- ATSI (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders)
- Rural and remote living people
- Elderly
- Low socioeconomic status
What is an example of a priority populations group?
ATSI males and females can expect to live 10 years less than the non-ATSI population.
What is prevalence?
The number of cases in a population at a given time.
What is an example of high prevalence?
diabetes
What is a disease that has a high potential to be prevented and why?
Type 2 Diabetes as It is a lifestyle disease caused by inactivity and poor dietary choices.
What is a disease with a higher rate of successful treatment when identified and treated early?
All cancers have a higher chance of a successful treatment when treated early as the cancer will not have spread much at stage one. Therefore, it is easier to remove.
What is a disease that comes as a cost to the individual when treated?
CVD is very expensive to treat, often involving large surgical procedures, lengthy recovery periods, loss of independence, loss of income, and is linked with lower self-esteem levels.