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HSC PDHPE > CORE 1 > Flashcards

CORE 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define health status

A

pattern of health of the population in general over a period of time

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2
Q

Who is epidemiology used by?

A

used by governments and health related organisations

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3
Q

Define Prevalence of disease

A

number of cases of disease in population

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4
Q

Define Incidence of disease

A

number of new cases of disease occurring in population

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5
Q

Define distribution of disease

A

The extent of the disease

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6
Q

Define apparent causes of disease

A

Determinants and indicators

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7
Q

Limitations of epidemiology

A
  • don’t always show significant variations
  • might not be accurate
  • can’t provide whole picture
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8
Q

List the measures of epidemiology

A

Mortality, infant mortality, morbidity and life expectancy

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9
Q

Leading causes of mortality for men and women

A

Men - coronary heart disease

Women - Dementia including alzheimers

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10
Q

Life expectancy for Men and Women

A

Men - 81 years

Women - 85 years

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11
Q

Why would life expectancy be higher for women rather than men?

A

less risk taking, males generally do more dangerous jobs, suicide rates are higher

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12
Q

What are ATSI people life expectancy?

A

Men - 72 years

Women - 76 years

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13
Q

What are the social justice principles?

A

Equity, diversity and supportive environments

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14
Q

How does social justice principles apply to health

A

Elimnating health inequities across groups

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15
Q

Define multiculturalism

A

the coexistence of groups in a society representing different cultural backgrounds

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16
Q

What is the highest killing disease in Australia

A

Cardiovascular disease

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17
Q

2nd biggest killing disease in Australia

A

Dementia and alzheimers

18
Q

Why do so many diseases form in Australia

A

Due to lifestyle behaviours, environments in which we live in

19
Q

List health inequities

A

social, economic, environmental and cultural factors

20
Q

Outline potential for change in Australia for CVD

A

Prevention methods can include eating healthy, exercising regularly, not smoking. Detection methods can include scans, tests, loss of breath, dizziness.

21
Q

Define direct costs

A

Direct costs include the omen spent on diagnosing, treating and caring for the sick

22
Q

Define Indirect costs

A

the value of the output lost when people become too ill to work or die prematurely

23
Q

ATSI peoples health inequities

A

disadvantaged in levels of education, employment and income, live in rural and remote areas

24
Q

What’s the rate of cancer in Australian people

A

1 in 3 over age 75

1 in 2 over age 85

25
Q

Health promotion initiatives for Cancer

A

Cancer council, NSW skin care prevention strategy

26
Q

Health promotion initiatives for Diabetes

A

Diabetes Australia, school programs, community sporting grants

27
Q

Health promotion initiatives for CVD

A

Heart foundation, jump rope for heart, community driven park runs

28
Q

Why is Australia’s population growing quicker than the worldwide average?

A

Due to the influx of migrating populations to Australia

29
Q

Four initiatives introduced by the government to meet the needs of a growing number of Australians

A

Increased residential aged care places
more funding for dementia in aged care
Incentives for people to remain in their homes
Attracting, retaining and training aged care workers

30
Q

A initiative that aims on improving Australian retirement income system

A

Superannuation

31
Q

what is the role of health care system in Australia

A

Role of Australians health care system is to provide quality health facilities and services to meet the health needs of all Australians

32
Q

What is primary health care

A

is health care that is common to all Australians such as GPs, pharmacists, dentists

33
Q

What is secondary health care

A

involves specialised treatment and support by doctors and other professionals. e.g physio, therapists

34
Q

Who are public hospitals run by

A

State governments

35
Q

Explain the pharmaceutical benefits scheme (PBS)

A

a program that subsidises prescription medication for Australian citizens

36
Q

Outline the 5 different levels of government

A
  1. Commonwealth government
  2. State Governments
  3. Private Sectors
  4. Local Governments
  5. Community groups
37
Q

What is health care expenditure?

A

the allocation of funding and other economic resources for the provision and consumption of health services

38
Q

What year was medicare introduced?

A

1984

39
Q

What is medicare

A

Medicare is a health care scheme put in place by the commonwealth government to allow a level of health care to every Australian Citizen

40
Q

what is bulk billing?

A

Patient pays zero and the service receives up to 100% of scheduled fee from medicare

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