Copper and Digestive Flashcards
Environmental cosinderations for type of bacteria (2)
food & oxygen (skin/respiratory little food, intestine lots of food)
- anaerobic (in intestine)
- aerobic (in moth/ skin)
- microaerophilic: can tolerate a little O2
major bacteria of stomach
H Pylori
major bacteria of small intestine
lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, other probiotics
major bacteria of colon
greatest variety
How to identify bacteria
- can be identified at many levels (phylum, genus, species)
- need to find something all bacteria share (such as need to make proteins or RNA)
- look for ribosomes (rRNA)
- DNA sequence must be similar but not exactly same for all bacteria
What is fiber?
undigestable foodstuffs (complex carbs)
Obesity and Bacteria
obese mice typically have more firmicutes and less bacteroidetes in colon
Cuprous
+1
Cupric
+2
how does body transport copper?
usually bound to chaperone (metallothionein)
How is copper absorbed?
ATPase7A is first step b/c needs energy
ATPase 7B
made in kidney and liver
- mutation of Wilson’s disease
- copper transport protein
Wilson’s Disease
too much copper
- more common
- oxidative damage to liver and kidney
- accumulate bile in blood
- Kaiser-Fleischer rings in eyes, and jaundice
Menkes’ Disease
too little copper
- group of disease of occipital horn
- kinky hair ( and no crosslink of collagen (lysyl oxidase)
- x linked
Caucasian mutation for ATPase7b
H1069Q