Copper and Digestive Flashcards

1
Q

Environmental cosinderations for type of bacteria (2)

A

food & oxygen (skin/respiratory little food, intestine lots of food)

  • anaerobic (in intestine)
  • aerobic (in moth/ skin)
  • microaerophilic: can tolerate a little O2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

major bacteria of stomach

A

H Pylori

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

major bacteria of small intestine

A

lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, other probiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

major bacteria of colon

A

greatest variety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How to identify bacteria

A
  • can be identified at many levels (phylum, genus, species)
  • need to find something all bacteria share (such as need to make proteins or RNA)
  • look for ribosomes (rRNA)
  • DNA sequence must be similar but not exactly same for all bacteria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is fiber?

A

undigestable foodstuffs (complex carbs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Obesity and Bacteria

A

obese mice typically have more firmicutes and less bacteroidetes in colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cuprous

A

+1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cupric

A

+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how does body transport copper?

A

usually bound to chaperone (metallothionein)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is copper absorbed?

A

ATPase7A is first step b/c needs energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ATPase 7B

A

made in kidney and liver

  • mutation of Wilson’s disease
  • copper transport protein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Wilson’s Disease

A

too much copper

  • more common
  • oxidative damage to liver and kidney
  • accumulate bile in blood
  • Kaiser-Fleischer rings in eyes, and jaundice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Menkes’ Disease

A

too little copper

  • group of disease of occipital horn
  • kinky hair ( and no crosslink of collagen (lysyl oxidase)
  • x linked
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Caucasian mutation for ATPase7b

A

H1069Q

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Asian mutation for ATPase 7b

A

A778L

17
Q

Which are better energy harvesters fermicutes or bacteriodetes?

A

Firmicutes (higher concentration in obese)

18
Q

5 Reasons energy intake & weight would be uncoupled

A
  1. More firmicutes than bacteriodetes (better energy harvesters)
  2. locomotor activity of mice (burn more cals)
  3. general metabolic activity of diff tissues (ie liver, skeletal muscle)
  4. bacterial derived small molecule factors produced by bacteria and taken up by host OR host factors (endocrine or nonendocrine) that uncouple energy consume and weight)
  5. changes in digestion/absorption ability of dietary calories regulated directly or indirectly by bacteria