Coping

Question 1

What is “coping”?

Answer 1

The sum of cognitive and behavioural processes (constantly changing)…
that aim to deal with particular demands (internal/external)…
that are viewed as taxing/demanding.

Question 2

How does stress occur according to the “transactional model”?

Answer 2

1. Potential stressor
2. PRIMARY APPRAISAL - is the event stressful?
3. SECONDARY APPRAISAL - do i have the resources to deal with it?
4. If no - STRESS.

Question 3

What are the 2 main types of coping styles?

Answer 3

1. Emotion-focussed coping (change the emotion)

2. Problem-focussed coping (change the problem/resources)

Question 4

Describe the 2 approaches to emotion-focussed coping.

Answer 4

1. Behavioural approach
   - do something, e.g. Talk to friend, alcohol
2. Cognitive approach
   - change how you think about the problem, e.g. Positive aspects, denial

Question 5

Describe the 2 approaches to problem-focussed coping.

Answer 5

1. Reduce demands of stressful situations
   - e.g. Hypnotherapy for claustrophobia
2. Change resources to deal with stress
   - e.g. Get wheelchair to improve mobility

Question 6

Describe 3 ways in which to aid coping.

Answer 6

1. Help patients increase/mobilise social support
2. Increase personal control (e.g. CBT, involve Pt in care plan)
3. Prepare Pt for stressful event (reduce ambiguity and uncertainty)