coordination Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

why do multicellular organisms evolve specialised systems?

A

to respond to internal and external stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is meant by stimuli?

A

changes in the environment that elicit a response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

give 2 examples of stimuli

A
  • changes to external environment (eg. temperature, sounds, predator appearance)
  • changes inside organism (eg. temperature, pH or water potential)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is external stimuli?

A

a change in an environment factor outside of the organisms body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is an internal stimuli

A

a change in an environment factor inside the organisms body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

give 4 examples of external stimuli

A
  • sudden sound
  • air humidity
  • light intensity
  • sea temperature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

give 4 examples of internal stimuli

A
  • blood temperature
  • blood glucose conc
  • blood pH
  • water potential of cell cytoplasm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why do cells in different parts of the body need to communicate

A
  • enzyme controlled reactions can only take place if suitable conditions
  • cells need to monitor & respond to changes from these conditions
  • allows a dynamic equilibrium to be maintained close to optimum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name 3 ways in which cells communicate with each other

A
  • cell signalling
  • nerves
  • hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

describe how nerve cells communicate with each other

A
  • change in stimuli is detected
  • nerve impulses pass along sensory neurones to the brain
  • nerve impulses pass along motor neurones to effectors which respond
  • individual neurones communicate with adjacent neurones using neurotransmitters across synapses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describe how hormones allow cells to communicate with each other

A
  • chemical messengers are released from cells in one part of the body
  • they travel to target cells
  • cell surface receptors have a complementary shape to that hormone
  • allows specific hormones to affect specific cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why is communication so important?

A
  • animals can respond to environment
  • increases chance of survival
  • keep internal environment at optimum for metabolic reactions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly