Cooper Chapter 1 Flashcards
A scientific approach for discovering environmental variables that reliably influence socially significant behavior and for developing a technology of behavior change that is practical and applicable.
Applied Behavior Analysis
A systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world.
Science
To achieve a thorough understanding of the phenomena under study. In ABA the phenomena are socially important behaviors.
Purpose of Science
Description Prediction Control
Dana Priya Can
Levels of Scientific Understanding
Systematic Observations that can be quantified and classified- NOT CASUAL OBSERVATION
Description
Two events may regularly occur at the same time
This does not mean one causes the other
Prediction
Functional Relation- THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING- experimental demonstration that manipulating 1 event (i.e., independent variable) results in the another event (i.e., dependent variable
Control
Determinism- Empiricism- Experimentation- Replication Parsimony- Philosophical Doubt
DEER PP
6 Attitudes of Science/ Philosophical Assumption of Behavior
Cause and Effect
Lawfulness If/then statements
The world is orderly and predictable
Determinism
FACTS.
Experimental, data-based scientific approach, drawing upon observation and experience.
Requires objective quantification and detailed description of events.
Empiricism
The basic of most sciences
Requires manipulating variables so as to see the effects on the Dependent Variable (DV)
An assessment to determine if 1 event caused another event.
Requires that all variables be controlled except the DV.
Experimentation (AKA: Experimental Analysis)
Repeating Experiments.
The method that scientists use to determine the reliability and usefulness of their findings.
How scientists discover their mistakes, this making science a self correcting enterprise.
Replication
The simplest theory
All simple and logical explanations must be ruled out before considering more complex explanations.
Helps scientists fit findings within the fields existing knowledge base.
Parsimony
Having healthy skepticism and a critical eye about the results of studies and your work with clients.
Philosophical Doubt
Behavioral, Applied, Technological, Conceptually Systematic, Analytical, Generality, Effective
BATCAGE = 7 dimensions of ABA
Defined by Baer, Wolf, and Risley (1968)
HINT: GRIZZLY BEAR WOLF
1ST published in JABA in 1968
7 DIMENSIONS OF ABA
1st dimension of ABA
Observable; the behavior that one chooses must be behavior in need of improvement
Must be measurable
Behavioral
2nd dimension of ABA
Improves SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT BEHAVIORS
Helps others (parents, peers, employers) in clients life and improves everyday life of client
Applied
3rd dimension of ABA
Defines procedures clearly and in detail so they are REPLICABLE (like a recipe)
Technological
4th dimension of ABA
All procedures used should be tied to the basic principles of behavior analysis from which they were derived.
Conceptually Systematic
5th dimension of ABA
A FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP IS IS DETERMINED
Describes when the experimenter has demonstrated a functional relation between the manipulated events and a reliable change in some measurable dimension of the targeted behavior.
Ultimate issue is BELIEVABILITY; Is the experimental control
Analytical
aka: Functional Relation, Experimentation, Control, Causation
6th dimension of ABA
Extends behavior change across time, settings, or other behaviors
Generality
aka: generalization
7th dimension of ABA
Improves behavior in a practical manner, not simply making a change this is statistically significant
Effective
- Hypothetical Construct
- Explanation Fiction
- Circular Reasoning
Mentalism Terminology
An approach to explaining behavior that assumes an inner dimension exists and causes behavior.
Examples: Freud, talk therapy, LMFT, LCSW
Mentalism
aka (Spiritual, psychic, subjective, feelings, Attitudes, processing)
The philosophy of the science of behavior
Environmental (i.e., not mentalistic) explanation of behavior.
Behaviorism
CASE
Conceptual Analysis of Behavior
ABA
Behavior Service Delivery
Experimental Analysis of Behavior
4 Branches of Behavior Analysis
Respondent conditioning with dogs
1906 published first studies
Pavlov & Classical Conditioning