Convulsii Flashcards

1
Q

Crizele mioclonice sunt întâlnite in:

A
  • epilepsie cu debut in perioada neonat/sugar
  • epilepsie mioclonica progresiva
  • sindromul Lennox-Gastaut (SLG)
  • epilepsia mioclono-astatica (sindromul Doose)
  • epilepsia mioclonica juvenila (EMJ)
  • epilepsia absenta juvenila (EAJ)
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2
Q

Crizele tonice sunt cauzate de:

A
  • leziuni cerebrale structurale (sindromul Ohtahara)
  • tulburări metab (mai rar)

La nn prematur:
-hemoragii intraventriculare

Copil:

  • SLG (sindromul Lennox-Gastaut) - obligatorii pt dg
  • epilepsii generalizate simptomatice
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3
Q

Crizele clonice multifocale apar in:

A
  • tulburări cerebrale difuze si grave: encefalopatia hipoxic-ischemica
  • frecv la nn cu vârsta gestațională <34 sapt
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4
Q

Crizele clonice focale apar in:

A
  • infarct cerebral

- hemoragie intracerebrala

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5
Q

Crizele tonico-clonice apar in:

A
  • epilepsia generalizată cu crize tonico-clonice de trezire
  • epilepsia absenta a copilului (EAC)
  • epilepsia absenta juvenila (EAJ)
  • epilepsia mioclonica juvenila (EMJ)
  • SLG
  • epilepsiilor generalizate simptomatice
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6
Q

Crizele atonice sunt întâlnite in:

A
  • epilepsia mioclono-astatica

- SLG

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7
Q

Absentele tipice sunt întâlnite in:

A

Epilepsiile generalizate idiopatice:

  • EAC
  • EAJ
  • EMJ
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8
Q

Absentele atipice sunt întâlnite in:

A

SLG

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9
Q

Spasmele epileptice sunt întâlnite in:

A
  • sindromul West
  • encefalopatia mioclonica neonat
  • SLG
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10
Q

Hipocalcemia neonat (valoare)

A

<7 mg%

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11
Q

Hipoglicemie nn (valoare)

A

<30 mg% in primele 72h

<40 mg% după 72h

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12
Q

Sindromul Aicardi

A

Encefalopatia mioclonica precoce

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13
Q

Sindromul Ohtahara

A

Encefalopatia epileptică infantila precoce

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14
Q

Sindromul Dravet

A

Epilepsia mioclonica severa

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15
Q

Caracteristicile sindromului West

A

Triada:

  • spasme epileptice in flexie/extensie sau asimetrice, pluricotidiene, in salve (la trezire/ adormire)
  • hipsaritmie
  • oprirea/ regres in dezvoltarea neuropsihomotorie (poate fi primul simptom al bolii)
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16
Q

Principalele antiepileptice

A
  • fenobarbital (PB)
  • difenilhidantoina
  • primidona (PRM)
  • carbamazepina (CBZ)
  • valproat de sodiu
  • ethosuxinimid (ESM)
  • clonazepam (CZP)
  • clobazam (CLB)
  • vigabatrin (GVG)
  • lamotrigina (LTG)
  • topiramat (TPM)
  • felbamat (FBM)
  • gabapentin (GBP)
  • oxcarbazepine
  • tiagabine
  • zonisamida (ZNS)
  • sultiam (ST)
  • levetiracetam (LEV)