Conversions From Alcohols To Halogenoalkanes

Question 1

Chlorination primary and secondary alcohols conditions

Answer 1

Phosphorus(V) chloride and an alcohol react at room temperature to produce a halogenoalkane.

Question 2

Equation for the chlorination of primary and secondary alcohols

What is the appearance of the product?

Answer 2

PCl5 + ROH —> RCl + POCl3 + HCl

White steam

Question 3

Conditions for the chlorinations of tertiary alcohols to halogenoalkanes.

Answer 3

Hydrochloric acid reacting with the alcohol at room temperature to produce a halogenoalkane.

Question 4

Equation for the chlorination of tertiary alcohols

Answer 4

ROH + HCl —> RCl + H2O

Question 5

Conditions for bromination to produce a halogenoalkane

Answer 5

50% sulfuric acid and potassium bromide are mixed and heated to produce hydrogen bromide.

The hydrogen bromide is then mixed with an alcohol to produce a halogenoalkane.

Question 6

Initial and final equation for bromination to form a halogenoalkane.

Answer 6

REACTION 1: H2SO4 + KBr —> HBr + KHSO4

REACTION 2: HBr + ROH —> RBr + H2O

Question 7

Conditions for iodination to form halogenoalkanes.

Answer 7

Red phosphorus and iodine are mixed by heating under reflux to produce phosphorus Iodide.

This is then reacted with an alcohol to produce a halogenoalkane.

Question 8

Initial and final reaction for iodination to produce a halogenoalkane

Answer 8

REACTION 1: 2P + 3I2 —> 2PI3

REACTION 2: 2PI3 + ROH —> RI + H3PO3