Conversions Flashcards by Ifeoluwa Adeniji

Q

Alkene to alkane

A

Addition
Hydrogen + Nickel

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Q

Alkene to haloalkane

A

Electrophilic addition, hydrogen halide

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Q

Alkene to an alcohol

A

Addition/ Hydration +steam H3PO4

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Q

Alkane to Haloalkane

A

Halogen/UV + Radical Substitution

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Q

Haloalkane to Nitrile

A

KCN in ethanol/ reflux
Nucleophilic substitution

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Q

Haloalkane to amine

A

NH3 and ethanol

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Q

Haloalkane to Alcohol

A

NaOH/reflux + nucleophilic substitution

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Q

Nitrile - Amine

A

H2/Ni

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Q

Nitrile to Carboxylic acid

A

H2O +HCl
Heat

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Q

Alcohol to Alkene

A

H3PO4 heat under reflux
Elimination or dehydration

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Q

Alcohol to haloalkane
*PPL ALWAYS FORGET THIS ONE

A

Conc H2SO4/NaX
Substitution

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Q

1°Alcohol to Aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7/H+
DISTILLATION

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Q

Alcohol to Carboxylic acid

A

Acidified potassium dichromate
Reflux + oxidation

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Q

Alcohol to ester

A

Esterification
Carboxylic acid/H2SO4
heat under reflux

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Q

Alcohol to ketone

A

Oxidation
Acidified potassium dichromate

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Q

Aldehyde to Carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4
Reflux

Q

Aldehyde to Alcohol

A

NaBH4

Q

Aldehyde to Hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN (aq)/H+ (aq)

Q

Ketone to 2°Alcohol

A

NaBH4

Q

Ketone to Hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN/H+

Q

Hydroxynitrile to Amine

A

H2/Ni

Q

Carboxylic acid to Acyl Chloride

A

SOCl2

Q

Carboxylic acid to Ester

A

Alcohol/conc H2SO4

Q

Ester to Carboxylic acid

A

H2SO4 catalyst reflux/ acid hydrolysis

Ester to Carboxylate

NaOH- heat under reflux Alkali hydrolysis

Acyl Chloride to ester

Alcohol

Acyl Chloride to Carboxylic acid

H2O

Acyl Chloride to 1° Amide

NH3

Acyl Chloride to 2°Amide

1°Amide