Convection Flashcards
the movement of thermal energy
Convection
the movement of thermal energy.
thermal energy
similar to heat.
gravity
pulls everything towards the center of the earth.
Convection currents
hot liquid gas rises and cool liquid/gas sinks making currents.
Mid-Ocean ridges
large underwater volcanic mountain ranges that form in DIVERGENT boundaries.
Subduction
the process of one plate being pulled under another plate at a CONVERGENT boundary.
Continental Drift
Alfred Wegener’s idea that the continents were once joined together called Pangea.
Plate Tectonics
the theory that the lithospheric plates are constantly moving.
Geological Time
time periods of thousands,millions and billions of years.
Alfred Wegner
a German scientist that gathered evidence to support his idea on how Earth looked in the past.
Lithosphere
the upper mantle and the crust.
Lithospheric plates
the pieces the lithosphere is broken into.
Plate boundaries
place where 2 or more plates meet.
Asthenosphere
Solid rock that can flow.
Ring of fire
the line of earthquakes and volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean.
Lava
when magma flows over Earth’s surface.
Igneous rock
forms when magma lava cools and solidifies.
Earthquake
a sudden release of energy in Earth’s interior which can cause shaking at the surface.
Volcano
an opening in Earth’s surface in which lava,gas,and ash escape from magma underground.
Magma
hot liquid rock Under Earth’s surface.
Natural Hazard
a natural event that may negatively affect people and the environment.
Landslide
the flow of rock,soil,ect. down a slope
Model
any representation of a system used to understand how it works.
Sedimentary Rock
layers of hardened sediment.
Aquifer
a rock layer that ALLOWS water to flow through it.
Aquitard
a rock layer that RESTRICTS water to flow through it.
Sediments
rock that has been broken into small pieces through weathering.
Groundwater
water that goes beneath Earth’s surface.
weathering
the breaking down of rock to make sediment.
Erosion
the movement of sediment.
Deposition
the dropping of sediment.
Nuclear Waste
leftover radioactive materials produced by nuclear reactors.
Metamorphic Rock
a rock that has changed due to extreme Heat and/or PRESSURE.
Rock Cycle
the processes that explains how one type of rock (Sedimentary,Igneous,
Metamorphic)becomes another type.
