Controls Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Actuator

A

A device employed by the control system to alter or adjust the environment.

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2
Q

Analysis

A

The process of examining a system in order to gain a better understanding, provide insight, and find directions for improvement.

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3
Q

Automation

A

The control of a process by automatic means

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4
Q

Closed-loop feedback control system

A

A system that uses a measurement of the output and compares it with the desired output to control the process

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5
Q

Complexity of design

A

The intricate pattern of interwoven
parts and knowledge required.

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6
Q

Control system

A

An interconnection of components forming a system configuration that will provide a desired response.

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7
Q

Control system engineering

A

An engineering discipline that
focuses on the modeling of a wide assortment of physical systems and using those models to design controllers that will cause the closed-loop systems to
possess desired performance characteristics.

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8
Q

Design

A

The process of conceiving or inventing the forms, parts, and details of a system to achieve a specified purpose

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9
Q

Design gap

A

A gap between the complex physical system and the design model intrinsic to the progression from the initial concept to the final product.

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10
Q

Disturbance

A

An unwanted input signal that affects the
output signal.

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11
Q

Embedded control

A

Feedback control system that employs on-board special-purpose digital computers as integral components of the feedback loop.

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12
Q

Engineering design

A

The process of designing a technical
system.

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13
Q

Feedback signal

A

A measure of the output of the system
used for feedback to control the system.

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14
Q

Flyball governor

A

A mechanical device for controlling the
speed of a steam engine

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15
Q

Hybrid fuel automobile

A

An automobile that uses a conventional internal combustion engine in combination with an energy storage device to provide a propulsion.

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16
Q

Internet of Things (IoT)

A

Network of physical objects
embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and connectivity

17
Q

Measurement noise

A

An unwanted input signal that affects the measured output signal.

18
Q

Mechatronics

A

The synergistic integration of mechanical,
electrical, and computer systems.

19
Q

Multiloop feedback control system

A

A feedback control system with more than one feedback control loop

20
Q

Multivariable control system

A

A system with more than one input variable or more than one output variable

21
Q

Negative feedback

A

An output signal fed back so that it
subtracts from the input signal.

22
Q

Open-loop control system

A

A system that uses a device to
control the process without using feedback. Thus, the output has no effect upon the signal to the process.

23
Q

Optimization

A

The adjustment of the parameters to achieve the most favorable or advantageous design.

24
Q

Positive feedback

A

An output signal fed back so that it
adds to the input signal.

25
Q

Process

A

The device, plant, or system under control.

26
Q

Productivity

A

The ratio of physical output to physical input of an industrial process.

27
Q

Risk

A

Uncertainties embodied in the unintended consequences of a design

28
Q

Robot

A

Programmable computers integrated with a manipulator. A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator used for a variety of tasks.

29
Q

Sensor

A

A device that provides a measurement of a desired external signal.

30
Q

Specifications

A

Statements that explicitly state what the
device or product is to be and to do. A set of prescribed performance criteria.

31
Q

Synthesis

A

The process by which new physical configurations are created. The combining of separate elements
or devices to form a coherent whole.

32
Q

System

A

An interconnection of elements and devices for a desired purpose.

33
Q

Trade-off

A

The result of making a judgment about how to compromise between conflicting criteria