Controlling The Rate Flashcards
What is Collision theory?
Is when reactant particles must collide for a successful chemical reaction to occur. Successful collisions occurs when :
•The collision geometry is correct
• The particles have the right amount of energy.
How does increasing the concentration and pressure affect the rate of reaction?
Increasing the concentration or pressure increases the rate of reaction because there’s more particles in the same space. As more of theses particles are moving about, there’s more likely to have collisions. If the particles colliding have sufficient energy, a success reaction will occur.
How does decreasing the particle size increase the rate of reaction?
The small pieces exposes more surfaces leading to more collisions and hence more particles are available to react.
What is temperature?
Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles.
How does increasing the temperature increase the rate of reaction?
If the temperature is increased, the particles will have more kinetic energy meaning they will collide with greater force so therefore, more collisions will occur with energy greater or equal to activation energy.
What is Activation energy?
The energy required by colliding molecules to form an activated complex.
What is meant by collision geometry?
The way the reactants collide with each other
What is meant by the term enthalpy change?
The energy change that occurs when reactants are converted into products.
What is meant by the term activated complex?
Activated complex is an unstable arrangement of atoms formed at the maximum of the potential energy barrier during a reaction.
How do catalysts work?
Catalysts work by forming temporary bonds with reactants, causing the bonds within the reactants to weaken. This lowers the activation energy, allowing many more reactions to occur.
What can you tell from a reaction rate graph?
The steeper the slope, the faster the reaction. The higher the activation energy, the faster the reaction.
