Controlling Processes In The Human Body

Question 1

Stimulus

Answer 1

a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

Question 2

Response

Answer 2

a written or verbal answer to a question in a test, questionnaire, survey, etc.

Question 3

Nerve impulse

Answer 3

a signal transmitted along a nerve fiber. It consists of a wave of electrical depolarization that reverses the potential difference across the nerve cell membranes.

Question 4

Neurons

Answer 4

a specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.

Question 5

Reflex

Answer 5

an action that is performed as a response to a stimulus and without conscious thought.

Question 6

Gland

Answer 6

an organ in the human or animal body which secretes particular chemical substances for use in the body or for discharge into the surroundings.

Question 7

Duct

Answer 7

a tube or passageway in a building or machine for air, liquid, cables, etc.

Question 8

Hormone

Answer 8

a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action.

Question 9

Target cells

Answer 9

a cell which bears receptors for a hormone, drug, or other signaling molecule, or is the focus of contact by a virus, phagocyte, nerve fiber, etc.

Question 10

Negative feedback

Answer 10

the diminution or counteraction of an effect by its own influence on the process giving rise to it, as when a high level of a particular hormone in the blood may inhibit further secretion of that hormone, or where the result of a certain action may inhibit further performance of that action.

Question 11

Fertilization

Answer 11

the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.

Question 12

Testes

Answer 12

an organ which produces spermatozoa (male reproductive cells).

Question 13

Testosterone

Answer 13

a steroid hormone that stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics, produced mainly in the testes, but also in the ovaries and adrenal cortex.

Question 14

Ovaries

Answer 14

a female reproductive organ in which ova or eggs are produced, present in humans and other vertebrates as a pair.

Question 15

Fallopian tubes

Answer 15

(in a female mammal) either of a pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus.

Question 16

Uterus

Answer 16

E

Question 17

Estrogen

Answer 17

any of a group of steroid hormones which promote the development and maintenance of female characteristics of the body. Such hormones are also produced artificially for use in oral contraceptives or to treat menopausal and menstrual disorders.

Question 18

Menstrual cycle

Answer 18

the process of ovulation and menstruation in women and other female primates.

Question 19

Menstruation

Answer 19

the process in a woman of discharging blood and other materials from the lining of the uterus at intervals of about one lunar month from puberty until menopause, except during pregnancy.

Question 20

Ovulation

Answer 20

discharge of ova or ovules from the ovary.