Controlling Nobility Flashcards
who did HT treat cautiously and why and give an example
-noble heirs treat cautiously to prove individual loyalty rather than families as one loyal entity
-eg Robert Willoughby, exiled after Buckingham’s rebellion then give a seat on Council, his son was treated with suspicion
where did HT have to establish regional control
-North
-Wales
how did HT establish regional control in the North
-kept Council of the North
-EoNorthumberland made Lieutenant of the North (killed at Yorkshire rebellion replaced by his heir and the EoSurrey)
how did Ht establish regional control of Wales (3)
-kept Council of Wales
-Jasper Tudor, DoBedford acted as Lord Lieutenant under Arthur Tudor
-Rhys ap Thomas governed South Wales
give two examples of HT rewarding his followers with regional control
-HT’s stepfather Lord Stanley given Lancashire + Cheshire (same as EIV’s reign)
-John de Vere EoOxford given East Anglia
what 3 areas of nobility and government did HT reform
-Royal Council
-Justices of the Peace
-Council Learned in Law
how did HT improve the Royal Council (3)
-appointed more clerics as they were more educated
-rewarded effective and purposeful nobles eg Jasper Tudor –> EoBedford power in Wales
-used experienced Yorkist nobles eg EoSurrey –> Lord Treasurer
how did HT improve JPs
-made them more powerful than sheriffs
-made it a highly coveted role despite lack of pay
how did HT create/ improve the Council Learned in Law
-highly professional legal committee introduced 1495
-dealt with Duchy of Lancaster, all crown lands, wardships, marriages and collection of feudal dues
was the Council Learned in Law popular
-unpopular with nobles as it kept their finances in check too effectively
how was HT’s method of governing different to previous kings
-centralised to London as he wanted to stay there
-relied on religious, educated clerics more
give 9 methods HT used to control the nobility
-patronage
-order of the garter
-King’s Council
-Great Council
-Acts of Attainder
-Bonds and Recognisances
-Feudal Dues
-Retaining
-Crown Lands
how did HT use patronage to control the nobility and give 2 examples
-only given out on the condition that HT would receive loyal service
-John de Vere EoOxford –> Lieutenant of East Anglia
-Jasper Tudor –> DoBedford and power in Wales
how did HT use the Order of the Garter to control the nobility and give 2 examples
-a significant honour reserved for King’s closest servants
-37 knighted by the Garter eg EoOxford and Richard Willoughby
how did HT use the King’s Council to control the nobility
-used smaller committees within the Council
-eg 1487 set up to implement ban of livery and maintenance
how did HT use the Great Council to control nobility
-huge sign of trust to be invited
how did HT use Acts of Attainder to control nobility and give an example
-used as a punishment but could be reversed if they proved their loyalty
-eg John Howard DoNorfolk supported RIII at Bosworth and attained but estates eventually restored after refusing to join LSimnel and swearing oath of loyalty
how did HT use bonds and recognisances to control the nobility and give an example
-bond= amount owed did not have to be paid if the condition / good behaviour was met
-recognisances = acknowledged debt/obligation enforced by bond
-Thomas Grey Marquess of Dorset defected to RIII before Bosworth –> eventually proved loyalty
how did HT use feudal dues to control the nobility and give an example
-exploited feudal dues through child landowners and nobles’ inheritance tax
-eg Duchess of Buckingham fined approx £7000 1496 for marrying without the king’s license
how did HT use retaining to control the nobility
-1485 Lords and Commons had to swear in Parliament to not illegally retain
-enforced by fines
how did HT use Crown Lands to control the nobility
-1486 passed Act of Resumption recovering all property given out since 1455
-rewarded loyal nobles with lands forfeited from others
