Control/policies towards young Flashcards
What was the primary focus of the Hitler Youth for male teenagers?
Physical and military training
Hitler aimed to create an army for the future to protect Nazi Germany.
What skills were girls encouraged to develop in the League of German Maidens?
Cooking and needlework
Girls were also expected to participate in physical activities to prepare for motherhood.
What was the main educational focus for boys in Nazi schools?
Physical education (PE)
The curriculum was tightly controlled and aligned with Nazi beliefs.
What was the aim of the Nazi Party regarding youth control?
To ensure future generations would support the Nazi Party
Hitler believed that controlling the youth was crucial for the longevity of the Nazi regime.
What age groups were included in the Nazi youth groups?
6-10, 10-14, 14-18
These age groups were divided into specific male and female groups.
Who was the leader of the Hitler Youth?
Baldur von Schirach
At what age could boys join the Hitler Youth?
14
What type of training was included in the Hitler Youth’s military training?
Map-reading, signaling, small-arms shooting, specialist training
This prepared members for various areas of the army.
What was the character training focus for boys in the Hitler Youth?
Embrace competition and be ruthless
Training included harsh punishments and resilience building.
What physical activities were included in the Hitler Youth program?
Camping, hiking expeditions, regional and national sports events
What political training did boys receive in the Hitler Youth?
Oath of loyalty to Hitler, reporting disloyal Germans, learning about Nazi ideas
What was the expectation for girls in Nazi ideology?
To be good wives and healthy mothers
This included being fit and healthy to support the Nazi Party.
What was a shared activity between boys and girls in Nazi youth groups?
Hiking and camping
What was a key difference in the training between boys and girls in Nazi youth groups?
Military drills for boys, cookery and housework for girls
What did the curriculum in Nazi schools blame for Germany’s problems?
Jewish people
What new subjects were introduced in Nazi education?
Eugenics, domestic science
Students learned about racial superiority and Aryan supremacy.
What was the membership of Nazi youth groups in 1932?
100,000
What was the membership of Nazi youth groups in 1933?
2,300,000
What happened to non-Nazi youth groups after 1933?
Almost all were banned
What was the membership of Nazi youth groups in 1936?
5,000,000
What was the requirement for young people wanting to use sports facilities in 1936?
To join a Nazi youth group
What was the membership of Nazi youth groups by 1939?
9,000,000
What was mandated for all young Germans starting at age 10 in 1939?
To join a Nazi youth group
What was the Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM)?
The female equivalent of the Hitler Youth
The BDM focused on training girls to be good wives and mothers.
What were the three Ks emphasized in the BDM?
Kinder, Kirche, Küche
These terms translate to children, church, and cooking.
What was the purpose of the ‘Faith and Beauty Society’?
To provide further education for girls aged 17-21 after leaving the BDM
It aimed to ensure that girls continued to adhere to Nazi teachings.
How many members were in Nazi youth groups by 1939?
Nine million
Membership did not guarantee enjoyment of the group.
What was the role of Bernhard Rust in Nazi education?
Education Minister who made significant changes to teachers and schools
He was appointed in 1934.
What happened to teachers who were not loyal to the Nazi regime?
They were sacked
Rust dismissed over 180 teachers in Prussia.
What was required of teachers under the Nazi regime?
They had to swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler and join the Nazi Teachers’ League
Membership of the Nazi Party was compulsory.
What did teachers teach students in Nazi schools?
The Nazi salute and to begin and end lessons with ‘Heil Hitler’
Classrooms were decorated with posters, Nazi flags, and pictures of Hitler.
What changes were made to the curriculum after 1935?
All textbooks had to be approved by the Nazis
Mein Kampf became a compulsory text.
What were Napolas?
Schools for the most ‘gifted’ and racially pure children
SS members replaced traditional teachers, focusing on sport and physical training.
How many Napolas schools were there by 1939?
16
Students from Napolas often joined the SS or police services.
Until what age were children required to attend school in 1933?
Age 14
This was part of the educational reforms initiated by the Nazis.
What did pupils listen to in school halls?
Major political speeches on the radio
This aimed to indoctrinate students with Nazi ideology.
