Control of Ventilation Flashcards
What is apnoea?
No breathing (flat line)
What is eupnoea?
Normal breathing
What is the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius?
Region that is responsible for the automatic control of respiration and cardiovascular system
Where is the dorsal respiratory Group found?
Within the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius
What does the Ventral Respiratory Group contain?
The nucleus ambiguus
Nucleus Retroambigualis
Where are the Pre-Botzinger and Botzinger complex found?
Near the nucleus retrofacialis
What does the Dorsal Respiratory Group contain?
Inspiratory neurones that fire immediately prior and during inspiration, they inhibit expiratory neurones
Where are the expiratory neurones found?
In the Ventral Respiratory Group and Pontine Respiratory group
Where are stretch receptors found?
Smooth muscle of bronchial walls
What do the stretch receptors do in the smooth muscle of the bronchial wall?
Make inspiration shorter
Delay next inspiratory cycle
Where are juxtapulmonary receptors found?
Site of alveolar/bronchial walls, close to capillaries
What do juxtapulmonary receptors do?
Cause apnoea/ rapid shallow breathing
fall in heart rate and bp
laryngeal constriction
relaxation of skeletal muscle
What stimulates J receptors?
Increased alveolar wall fluid Oedema Pulmonary Congestion Microembolisms Histamine
Where are Irritant receptors located?
Throughout the airways between epithelial cells
What stimulates Irritant receptors?
Irritant gases
Smoke and dust
Inflammation
Rapid large infection
