Control of Plaque-Mediated Disease (12/03/19) Flashcards
Function of fluoride?
Aids in remineralisation of enamel. Also inhibits plaque bacteria
What does substantivity mean and what is the relation to antimicrobials?
Substantivity is the how long an antimicrobial ‘sticks’ to site of action. Compounds stick to soft tissue and teeth, and are slowly released and distributed in mouth.
What is chlorhexidine?
Chlorhexidine = bisbiguanide, broad spectrum
Reduces plaque, caries and gingivitis
What formulation is chlorhexidine found in?
Mouthwash/gel/varnish
What is chlorhexidine?
Chlorhexidine = bisbiguanide (have mebrantrofic activity: interact with membranes of microorganisms), broad spectrum
Reduces plaque, caries and gingivitis
Substantive
What strain is highly selective by Chlorhexidine?
mutans streptococci
What is Triclosan?
Broad spectrum
Phenol.
Substantive
What is the mode of action of Triclosan?
MULTIPLE modes of action
- inhibits acid production
- reduces inflammation
- inhibits bacterial fatty acid metabolism (this prevents membrane production)
What formulations are Triclosan present in?
Colgate, mouthwash
What are examples of enzymes and essential oils?
Listerine, powersmile, CB12
What are Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs)?
- N+ ring with long chain
Broad spectrum
Substantive (cationic)
What is the mode of action of QACs?
Bind to bacterial cell membranes and disrupt integrity.
Inhibits glucan synthesis and co-aggregation
What formulation are QACs found in?
MOUTHWASH ONLY!
What formulation are QACs found in?
MOUTHWASH ONLY!
What are some examples of metal ions used as antimicrobials and what are their mode of action?
Zinc Salts: inhibit bacterial glycolysis
Zinc lactate: inhibit VCS (volatile sulphur compounds) production
Stannous Fluoride: inhibit carries formation
