Control of arterial pressure 2

Question 1

ecf

Answer 1

plasma vol + interstitial fluid volume

Question 2

what hapens if plasma voluem falls

Answer 2

compensatory mechanisms shifts fluid form the intersttiial comprtment to the plasma comprtment

Question 3

what affects extracellular fluid volume

Answer 3

water excess or deficit
na excess or deficit

Question 4

role of hormones

Answer 4

act as effectors to regulate the extracellular fluid volume and plasma by regulating water and salt balance

Question 5

hormones which regulate ecfv

Answer 5

RAAS
NPs
ADH

Question 6

role of renin

Answer 6

released from kidneys and stimulates the formation of angiotensin 1 in the blood from angiotensinogen produced by the liver

Question 7

what is angiotensinogen produced by

Answer 7

liver

Question 8

where is renin released from

Answer 8

kidneys

Question 9

ACE role

Answer 9

converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2

Question 10

function of angiotensin 2

Answer 10

stimulates the release of aldosterone from adrenal cortex
and causes systemic vasoconstriction; incraesees svr

Question 11

role of aldosterone

Answer 11

acts on kidneys to increase sodium and water rentention; increases plasma volume

Question 12

effect of angiotensin 2

Answer 12

increased svr and bp
increased ads and plasma volume
increases thirst

Question 13

natriuretic peptides

Answer 13

peptide hromones synthesised by heart

Question 14

when are nps released

Answer 14

in response to cardiac distension or neurohormonal stimuli

Question 15

what do nps cause

Answer 15

excretion of salt and water in the kidneys therby reducing blood volume and bp
decraeses renin release ; decraese bp
act as vasodilatoirs
counter reg system for raas

Question 16

NPs released

Answer 16

anp and bnp

Question 17

anp

Answer 17

28 amino acid peptide synthesised and stored by atrial muscle cells

Question 18

when is anp released

Answer 18

in response to atrial distension; hypervolemic states

Question 19

bnp

Answer 19

32 amino acid peptide synthesised by heart ventricles

Question 20

ADH

Answer 20

peptide hormone derived from a prehormone precursor synthesised by hypothalamus and stored in posterior pituitary

Question 21

what is secretion of adh stimulated by

Answer 21

reduced extracellular fluid volume and increased extracellular fluid osmolality

Question 22

what is plasma osmolality monitored by

Answer 22

osmoreceptors in brain

Question 23

what is adh release stimulated by

Answer 23

increased plasma osmolality

Question 24

where does adh act

Answer 24

in the kidney tubules to increase the reabsorption of water; increases ecfv, plasma and co

Question 25

where else does adh act

Answer 25

in blood vessels to cause vasoconstriction

Question 26

where are baroreceptors located

Answer 26

arch of aorta/ carotid sinus

Question 27

is angiotensin a vasodilator or constrictor

Answer 27

potent vasodilator

Question 28

where is adh synthesised

Answer 28

hypothalamus