Contrast Flashcards
True/False:
“mild reactions” do not require intervention.
false
List conditions that might signal an increased risk for an adverse reaction to a GBCA
- Multiple environmental or drug allergies
- previous reaction to a GBCA
- allergy to aspirin
-carries an epipen
daily use of a respiratory inhaler
The serious health issue that has occured in some patients with very poor renal function and haveing a GBCA injection is:
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis
(NSF)
________ GBCA’s are considered low risk for the serious health issue NSF.
Macrocyclic
True/False:
According to the FDA & The ACR, GBCA’s are considered safe for the fetus when given to a pregnant patient.
False
True/False:
According to the FDA and ACR, GBCA’s are considered safe for breast feeding mothers and their infants.
true
According to the FDA “Black Box” warning on GBCA’s, a patients kidney filtration rate that is lower than _________ shoud not receive GBCA’s.
30ml/min/1.73m2
Most injected MRI contrast agents are:
Gadolinium based & nonspecific extracellular
True/False:
All MRI contrast agents are injected intravenously
False
Gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA’s) work by:
increasing the local magnetic field near the Gd ion.
GBCA’s are:
paramagnetics
Gadolinium is a very effective agent due to its:
Large number of unpaired electrons
GBCA’s are sometimes referred to, or classified as, T1 shortening agents. This is because:
they greatly decrease T1 times of some tissues
Enhancement seen after injecting a GBCA is effectively:
seeing the tissue that is near the GBCA
True/False:
Gadolinium is extremely safe.
False
The non-toxic chemcical bond to the GD (Gd) ion is called the:
Ligand
The combination of the Gd ion and the ligand is called:
Chelate
The purpose of binding a non-toxic chemical the Gd ion is to make the GBCA:
non-toxic to the patient.
Compared to iodine-based agents, GBCA’s have:
Far less adverse reactions.
______ agents disassociate into ions in the bloodstream, while ________ agents remain chemically neutral.
Ionic
non-ionic
Most GBCA’s are ________ agents.
non-specific extracellular.
The 2 main molecular structures of GBCA’s are “linear” and:
Macrocyclic
Of the 2 molecular structures, Linear & Macrocyclic, which is considered safer and lower risk for NSF & gadolinium retention than the other?
Macrocyclic.
The term used to demonstrate how bright the enhanvement of GBCA agents is per unit of dose is:
Relaxivity
True/False:
There are no GBCA blood pooling agents approved by the FDA
False
The most common MRI Application for oral contrast agents is imaging the:
small bowel
applications for inserted contrast agents in MRI include:
Rectal Imaging
vaginal imaging
cervical imaging (cervix, not spine)
what are possible side effects to GBCAs?
Nausea
Altered taste
Rash
A side effect is always _________ and could be desired or ________.
Predictable
Undesired
