Contras and Precautions Exam 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Contras for whirlpool.
A
- the patient should be removed from the water immediately or treatment deferred if he/she is feeling nauseated
- IVs should never go into the water
- Incontinence (Hubbard tank and Pool)
- New full thickness skin grafts less than 10 days old
2
Q
Precautions for whirlpool.
A
- Sensation of water temperature differs from one person to another. Whirlpool treatment must be given to the patient’s tolerance.
- Patients who have diminished sensation or impaired circulation will require lower temperatures (98-99 F seldom higher for these patients)
- Patients who have open wounds will require lower water temperatures (92-96 F) and less agitation and aeration.
- Avoid pressure of the part being treated on the rim of the tank. Pressure can diminish sensation and impair circulation
- If using a hydraulic chair or a high swivel chair, be sure the patient is securely seated and has safety belt holding him/her in chair.
- Treatment may increase edema because the part treated is in dependent position during treatment. Treatment may have to be suspended or discontinued if edema increases substantially.
- Catheters must be clamped.
- With full body immersion, patients can get lightheaded when they try and stand
- Use caution with new skin grafts greater than 10 days old
- Do not leave patient unattended in Hubbard tank.
3
Q
Contras for contrast bath.
A
- Dermatitis, skin diseases or rashes which could spread in water.
4
Q
Precautions for contrast bath.
A
- The patient’s reaction to heat and cold should be carefully observed to determine his/her tolerance for the prescribed treatment.
- Patients who have diminished sensation or impaired circulation will require lower temperatures in the “hot” range and higher temperatures in the “cold” range
- Avoid pressure of the part being treated on the rim of the tanks. Pressure can diminish sensation and impair circulation
- Edema may be increased during a contrast bath because of the increase in blood flow and dependent position of the limb. If edema does increase significantly , the treatment should be discontinued.
- Elevate the body part after treatment.
5
Q
Contras for intermittent compression therapy
A
- Active infection
- Edema secondary to cardiac or renal dysfunction; ie CHF
- DVT or recent thrombosis
- Acute pulmonary edema
- Unstable fractures
- Arterial insufficiency
- Hard, unremitting edema
- Active malignancies
- Pulmonary emboli
6
Q
Precaution for intermittent compression therapy
A
- Acute inflammation and trauma
7
Q
Contras for LILT
A
- Direct application over the cornea
- Neoplasms (may spread due to biostimulation of tissue, however some studies have shown that LILT can reduce small tumors)
- Abdomen/pelvis of pregnant women
- Unclosed fontanels of children
- Heart
- Vagus nerve
8
Q
Precautions for LILT
A
- Infected areas
- Bone epiphysis in children
- Muscle bruising
- Testicular region
9
Q
Contraindications for UV
A
- Hypersensitivity to UV
- UV may produce exacerbation in some conditions, including acute onset of psoriasis, acute eczema, lupus erythematosus, herpes simplex, hives (urticaria)
- Patients who have been treated with sulfonamide preparations may develop prolonged sensitivity to UV radiation. In this case, UV would be contraindicated.
- Diabetes
- Severe cardiac insufficiency
- TB
10
Q
Precautions for UV
A
- Protect the eyes of the patient and the therapist from exposure to UV radiation. Over exposure of the eyes to UV irradiation results in conjuctivitis and could produce permanent damage to the eyes.
- Therapist should avoid prolonged direct exposure to UV radiation
- Abnormal sensitivity to UV radiation may occur if the patient is taking certain medications, such as aspirin, sulfonamides and some tranquilizers
- Always cover the genetilia, nipples, and areas of new skin or scar tissue. These areas are more sensitive to UV.
- Persons with light skin such as blondes and redheads are more susceptible to UV radiation as the very young and the very old. The dosage should be reestablished for these patients.
- Timing of treatment must be exact in seconds. You cannot tell when a patient receives burns because the effects are delayed.
- Continued use of UV may increase the risk of skin cancers.
11
Q
Contras for infrared heat lamps
A
- elderly population and children
2. ischemia (inadequate blood supply)
12
Q
Precautions for infrared heat lamps
A
General thermal precautions, no specific
13
Q
Contras for anodyne
A
- do not use over or near the uterus during pregnancy
- do not use over a cancerous lesion
- active malignancies
14
Q
Precautions for anodyne
A
- When andodyne is used with multiple patients, always place a clear plastic barrier (saran wrap) over the area being treated or over the pads, or sterilize the pads b/t pts to reduce the chance of cross contamination. Only use clear plastic
- Do not use anything that may block photo energy- ie no socks, pantyhose, or other clothing; no bandages or casts, no opaque creams or ointments
- Clean therapy pads regularly with hospital grade disinfectant like 1:10 bleach solution. Do not autoclave, or immerse the therapy pads or control unit in a liquid of any kind as this will corrode the electronic circuitry and cause malfunction
- If used on a pt with a contagious pathology/infection, extra precautions should be taken to ensure instrument, pads, straps, and wires are not contaminated before using again.
- Use only supplied attachement straps, paper tape, gravity or other clothing to hold pads in place. Do NOT use pins or other metallic materials to hold pads
- Do not apply therapy pads with pressure or have patients lie on top of pads
- Never treat wounds or dry, thin, cracked, or necrotic skin for more than 30 minutes.
- Do not use over topical heating agent like Ben Gay or Icy Hot as Anodyne can accelerate the effects
- Be especially careful when treating bony areas
