Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Repro 2 F > Contraceptives (2) > Flashcards

Contraceptives (2) Flashcards

1
Q

Method failure rate vs typical failure rate

A

Method: rate if method is used correctly

Typical: rate when method is used by pt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What form of contraception provides the most effective reversible variant?

A

HC (hormonal contraception)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does estrogen and progesterone do in combination OCs?

A

Progesterone: suppresses LH and thus ovulation, thickens cervical mucous inh sperm migration, creates atrophic endometrium (not good for implantation)

Estrogen: improves cycle control by stabilizing the endometrium > less breakthrough bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Progestin-only OC do primarily what? What scenario are they used in?

A

Make cervical mucous thick and impermeable

Breast feeding women (estrogen limits milk production) and women contraindicated to estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Benefits of OCs?

A

Menstrual cycle regularity

Improved dysmenorrhea

Dec risk of Fe-def anemia (shorter and less heavy cycles)

Lower CA risk (ovarian, breast)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SE’s of OCs include:

A 
Breakthrough bleeding
Nausea
Fatigue
HA
Venous thrombosis
PE

Wt pain is only perceived

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What’s included in the transdermal patch? How often is it applied? What’s the wt limit? SEs?

A

Estrogen and progesterone

Once a week for 3 weeks

198lbs

Greater risk of thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What’s the vaginal ring consist of? What’s a large advantage regarding pharmacokinetics? How often is it replaced? Can it be removed?

A

Estrogen and progesterone

No first pass metabolism through the liver

Once a month (insert for 3 weeks)

Yes, for 3 hours, but don’t recommend to pt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who can’t use HC?

A

Women > 35 who smoke

H/o thromboembolism, FH needs to be looked at thoroughly

H/o CAD, CVD, CHF, migraine w/ aura, uncontrolled HTN

H/o mod/sev liver dx or liver tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How long does MPA work for? What is it? What does it do? What isn’t there? How effective is it? SEs?

A

14 weeks but prescribe injections every 11-13

IM injection of progestin

Lowers E levels, thickens cervical mucous, decidualization (blocks LH surge and ovulation)

Wt limit

Efficacy roughly equivalent to that of sterilization

Reversible dec bone density d/t dec E levels (caused by high P, consider changing to diff tx after 2 years), irregular bleeding (goes away), wt gain (P makes one hungry), exacerbation of depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some long term issues w/ stopping MPA tx?

A

Menses can take a year to regulate after d/c

Depression may linger

These are d/t the drug staying within the system for long periods of time after MPA is d/c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Can MPA be used during breast feeding? When estrogen is contraindicated? In seizure disorders?

What are its effects on sickle cell? Endometrial hyperplasia?

A

Yes
Yes
Yes

Can dec sickle cell crises

Can lower endometrial hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some SEs and risks of MPA?

A

Shouldn’t be used during preg or in a female suspected to be preg, unevaluated vaginal bleeding, known or suspected breast malignancy, active thromboembolic events, liver dx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does LARC stand for? What are they?

A

Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive

Implants and IUDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How long does a rod LARC last? When should it be implanted? MOA?

A

3 years

Within the first 5 days of menses

Thickens cervical mucous, inh ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some risks associated w/ a LARC?

A

Irregular bleeding (goes away!), HA, vaginitis, wt inc, acne, breast pain

17
Q

Can a LARC be used during breastfeeding?

A

Yes

18
Q

Contraindications to the implant? Complications?

A

Known or suspected preg

H/o thromboebolic event or disorder

Liver tumors or active liver dx

Abnormal undiagnosed uterine bleeding

Deep insertion, migration, infection, bruising, persistent pain

19
Q

What’s the IUD expulsion rate? Where’s insertion done?

A

1-5%

In the office!

20
Q

Risks w/ IUDs?

A

Inc infection risk

Inc risk of ectopic preg

Risk of uterine perforation at time of insertion which then req surgery

Risk of malposition that requires hysteroscopy for removal

21
Q

Contraindications for IUDs include:

A

B-CA (levonorgestrel only)

Recent sepsis or septic abortion

Active cervical infection

Wilson’s dx (Copper T only)

Uterine malormations

22
Q

What are the 3 levonorgestrel IUDs and how long do they last? How effective are they?

A 
Mirena = 5 years
Liletta = 3 years
Skyla = 3 ears

Very, 0.2% pregnancy rate

23
Q

What are the benefits of IUDs?

A

Decrease in menstrual blood loss (50%)

Less dysmenorrhea

Convenient and long-term

Protects endometrium against estrogen

24
Q

How long do Cu IUDs last for? How?

A

10 years

Cu interferes w/ sperm transport and prevents implantation

25
Q

Pros and cons to barrier methods.

A

Pros: inexpensive, little to no medical consultation, condoms protect against STDs

Cons: higher failure rate, still requires proper use

26
Q

What’re the directions for diaphragms? What’s a common risk?

A

Must be used w/ spermicide

Can be inserted up to 6 hours prior to intercourse, must be left in 6-8 hours afterwards (but no more than 24h)

Inc risk of UTIs d/t poor vaginal low and obstruction of urethra > urinary retention

27
Q

How long must vaginal liners be left in after intercourse?

A

6-8 hours

28
Q

Risks of cervical caps (smaller diaphragms)? How long are they left in for and where are they applied?

A

Displacement, toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

6 hours post-intercourse, no more than 48h

Applied to cervix

29
Q

How long are sponges left in for after intercourse?

A

6h but no more than 30 (or inc risk of toxic shock syndrome)

30
Q

What does E-contraception do? Contraindications? How many pregnancies could it yearly prevent if used regularly?

A

Prevents ovulation and fertilization

No contraindications

1.5 million

31
Q

What’s Plan B?

A

Levonorgestrel

2 pills taken 12 hours apart

OTC for women older than 17

Must be taken within 120h, more effective if before 72h

32
Q

What is the most frequent method of BC in the US?

A

Surgical sterilization

1/3 couples

Considered a permanent method

33
Q

Is a Vasectomy immediately effective? What is the benefit of a salpingectomy?

A

No, complete azoospermia usually comes after 10 weeks

Dec risk of ovarian CA

34
Q

What’s a contraindication for hysteroscopy/the Essure system?

A

Nickel or contrast allergies, acute pelvic infection, suspected preg

Repro 2 F (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions