Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Gynae > contraception > Flashcards

contraception Flashcards

(84 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is the pearl index ?

A

number of contraceptive failures per 100 women per year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

mechanism of action of depot injection (IM progesterone)??

A

inhibits ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

depo injection lasts how long?

A

12-14 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pearl index of depot injection (IM progesterone)??

A

0.2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

absolute CI to depot injection??

A

pregnancy
breast cancer
severe cardiac disease
undiagnosed vaginal bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

starting depot injection- must rule out what??

A

pregnancy

risk factors for osteporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

depot injection can be started without need for further contraception if ??
what day in cycle?
when after TOP?
when post partum?

A

up to and including day 5 of cycle

up to day 5 after TOP

up to day 21 post partum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

if depot injection started outwith first 5 days of cycle, after 5 days TOP or after 21 days post partum - need what?

A

additional cover with condoms for 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

side effects of depot injection??

A

weight gain
risk of osteoporosis
ectopic
delay in return of fertility of about 10 months
irregular bleeding (usually settles with time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

non hormanl intrauterine device (copper IUD) mechanism of action??

A

prevention of fertilization (toxic to sperm and ovum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Copper IUD effective after how long ?

A

immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

copper iud can stay in uterus for how long?

A

5-10 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

pearl index of copper IUD?

A

0.6-0.8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CI to having copper IUD?

A

peptic ulcer disease
current pelvic infection
abnormal uterine anatomy (need to do PV before inserting)
Hx/current endometrial/cervical cancer
pregnancy (increased risk of ectopic and second trimester miscarriage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when is copper IUD suitable for insertion?

can be used up to when post UPSI for EC?

A

anytime if reasonably certain not pregnant

up to 5 days post UPSI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

copper coil normally inserted when?

copper coil can be inserted when post partum??

A

within first 7 days of period

post partum:
either <2 days or >4weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

problems/side effects with copper coil??

A

heavy prolonged periods

insertion issues - pain, increased risk of infection, uterine perforation, expulsion of device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

IUS (mirena coil) is impregnated with what?

A

a synthetic progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

mechanism of action of IUS?

A

prevention of implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

IUS can stay in for how long ?

A

3-5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

pearl index for mirena coil??

A

0.2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

CI to using mirena??

A 
peptic ulcer disease
current pelvic infection
abnormal uterine anatomy
Hx/current endometrial/cervical cancer
pregnancy (ectopic risk and 2nd trimester miscarriage)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Suitable time for insertion of mirena coil??

anytime if not pregnant but if outwith first 7 days of cycle cover with??

A

within first 7 days of period

7/7 condoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

mirena coil can be inserted when following TOP?

A

immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
mirena coil can be inserted when post partum ?
< 2 days or | >4 weeks
26
problems/side effects of mirena coil??
irregular menstrual bleeding, usually becomes lighter and most women become amenorrhoeic insertion issues as per IUD
27
implant is what?
non-degradable rod implanted into arm thats impregnanted with progesterone
28
MofA of implant??
inhibition of ovulation
29
implant lasts how long in arm?
3 years
30
pearl index for implant ??
0.05% (most effective form of contraception)
31
insertion of implant: no additional cover needed if inserted when in cycle? when post partum? when after TOP?
within first 5 days of cycle on or before day 21 post partum up to day 5 days post TOP can also start the impant with no additional cover if starting it after last active pill taken
32
When would cover with 7/7 condoms be needed when starting implant ??
starting any other time in cycle outwith first 5 days if used as a quick start after emergency contraception if switching from POP, mirena or IUD
33
problems/side effects with implant ?
irregular bleeding, acne | insertion issues - nerve damage and pain on insertion
34
short acting combined hormonal contraception contains what? works how?
oestrogen and progesterone inhibition of ovulation
35
transdermal patch - regimen?
applied for one week at a time for 3 weeks then patch free week for withdrawl bleed
36
patch can be worn for how many days before efficacy lost?
9 days
37
patch can be removed for up to how many days before efficacy lost?
2 days
38
problems with patch?
obesity reduces efficacy breast pain nausea and painful periods increased thrombotic risk
39
vaginal ring regimen?
ring inserted for 21 dyas then 7 day ring free period for bleed
40
COCP regimen?
pill taken for 21 days | first 7 days prevent ovulation and next 14 maintain an anovulatory state
41
how can COCP regimen be altered to induce bleed free periods ??
tricycling of packs
42
pearl index for the pill??
0.3% (if used completely properly) 9% if typical usage
43
starting the COCP - if starting in first 5 days of cycle?? starting anytime after day 5 of cycle?
fine. no additional cover needed 7/7 condom cover
44
when can COCP be started after TOP?
immediately
45
COCP can be started when post partum? only if? if breastfeeding - rules about COCP?
3 weeks only if NOT breastfeeding completely CI
46
starting COCP after EC: can start it when after having levonelle ?? when can u start it after having EllaOne?
immediately 5 days
47
if vomiting within 2 hours of taking pill ? if >24 hours of diarrhoea?
take again take again
48
COCP - missed pills: if 1 pill missed (>24 hours but <48 hours without a pill) what must be done?
take missed pill and continue rest of pack as normal (no need for EC or additional cover)
49
If 2 COCP pills missed (>48 hours without a pill) 1) If in week 1 - do what? 2) If in week 2 - do what? 3) If in week 3 - do what?
1) take most recent pill, use 7/7 condoms and consider EC if UPSI 2) take most recent pill, 7/7 condoms 3) take most recent pill, 7/7 condoms + omit the pill free break
50
If >2 missed COCP pills - do what? 1) if in 1st week? 2) if in any other week?
1) Emergency contraception | 2) continue with rest of the pack and omit the pill free break
51
benefits of COCP??
improves acne, premesntrual symptoms, protects against ovarian, endometrial and colorectal cancer
52
minor side effects of COCP?
increased BP mood swings N & V irregular bleeding - should settle with time
53
major side effects of COCP?
increased VTE risk increased CVD and stroke risk increased risk of breast and cervical cancer
54
other risk factors that would increase VTE risk along with COCP?
``` >35 y/o smoking immobility long haul flights 6 weeks post partum high altitudes for > 1 week ```
55
have cautions when giving COCP if ?
> 2 risk factors for VTE/arterial disease GI conditions that would affect absorption Use of enzyme inducing drugs
56
UKMEC 4 CI to using the COCP???
``` BP >160/95 Breast feeding Migraine with aura Smoking >15 a day if >35 y/o IHD Hx breast cancer APLS Hx stroke or thrombotic disease advanced DM with signs of complications ```
57
POP (progesterone only pill) (etonogestrel, levenogestrel) - MofA??
thickens cervical mucus + suppresses ovulation
58
regimen for POP??
pill taken everyday for 28 days and pill taken at the same time everyday
59
missed POP's rules: if 1 missed pill and no UPSI ?? if 1 missed pill and UPSI ?
7/7 condom cover EC + 7/7 condoms
60
if <3 hours late in taking POP ?
continue as normal
61
if >3 hours late in taking POP ?
take missed pill ASAP, continue with the rest of pack, extra precaution (condoms) used until pill taking has been re-established for 48 hours
62
2 different types of progestogen-only pill
3-hour progestogen-only pill (traditional progestogen-only pill) – must be taken within 3 hours of the same time each day 12-hour progestogen-only pill (desogestrel progestogen-only pill/Cerazette) – must be taken within 12 hours of the same time each day
63
missed POP rules, 12 hour window rather than 3 hour window allowed if ?
using desogestrel (cerazette) type of POP same rules apply but as if <12 hours and >12 hours since missing taking the pill
64
POP generally used as an alternative to the COCP in women where COCP is CI - eg??
breast feeding | >35 and smoking > 15 a day
65
side effects of POP?
DUB (irregular bleeding - main SE) weight gain headaches
66
CI to POP?
active breast cancer
67
UPSI in context of lack of contraception, barrier failure, missed pills, expulsion of coil, late injections etc - need what?
EC
68
Oral EC used up to 3 days post UPSI and can be used multiple times in cycle? mechanism of action?
Levonelle (levonogestrel - high dose of progesterone) suppresses ovulation
69
efficacy of Leonelle at day 1 ? | day 3?
98% 80%
70
cautions with levonelle?
obesity | use of enzyme inducers
71
Oral EC used up to 5 days after UPSI and only once per cycle? MofA?
EllaOne (ulipristal acetate - anti-progesterone) inhibition or delay of ovulation
72
efficacy of ellaone?
>99%
73
cautions with EllaOne?
use of antacid meds or uncontrolled asthma
74
considered most effective form of EC, can be inserted up to 5 days post UPSI??
Copper coil
75
IUD can also be inserted up to how many days after the likely ovulation date in women presenting when after UPSI who want EC??
up to 5 days after likely ovulation date in women presenting >5 days after UPSI
76
before use of copper IUD (in EC) need to screen for what?
chlamydia (test for this) if high risk - can give prophylactic azithromycin
77
EC not required before what time post partum?
before day 21 post partum
78
contraception is required from what day post partum onwards?? why?
day 21 onwards (earliest time of ovulation in non-breastfeeding woman thought to be day 28 post partum and sperm can survive up to 7 days)
79
Perl index of implant ??
0.05%
80
pearl index of vaectomy?
0.1%
81
pearl index of IUS?
0.2%
82
pearl index of depot injection? (depo provera)
0.2%
83
pearl index of pill if used perfectly and typical use?
0.3% and 9% (typical use)
84
pearl index of IUD?
0.6-0.8%

Gynae (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions