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women's health > contraception > Flashcards

contraception Flashcards

1
Q

List the contraceptive options that work very well: chance of getting pregnancy < 1/100

A
  • the implant: 3 years
  • IUD (skyla): 3 years
  • IUD (mirena) 5 years
  • IUD (paraguard): 12 years
  • sterilization
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2
Q

List the contraceptive options that work okay: chance of getting pregnancy 6-9/100

A
  • the pill: every single day
  • the patch: every week
  • the ring: every month
  • the shot (depo-provera): evey 3 months
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3
Q

List the contraceptive options that work not so well: chance of getting pregnancy 12-24/100

A
  • withdrawal
  • diaphragm
  • fertility awareness
  • condoms
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4
Q

Plan B must be taken within how many hours of unprotected intercourse

A
  • 2 doses of contraceptive pills
  • taken within 72 hours
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5
Q

what is another form of emergency contraceptive besides plan B

A
  • can insert paragard IUD within 5 days of incompletely protected coitus
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6
Q

combination estrogen/progestin hormonal contraceptives (included ring and patch) shoud be used with caution in patients with

A
  • diabetes mellitus
  • HTN
  • smoking (under age 35)
  • common migraine headaches
  • liver disease
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7
Q

combination estrogen/progestin hormonal contraceptives shoud NEVER be used in patients with

A
  • uncontrolled HTN
  • CAD
  • uncontrolled DM
  • complex migraine HA
  • h/o thromboembolism
  • hormone sensitive CA
  • smoking (over age 35)
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8
Q

MOA of oral contraceptives

A
  • suppression of ovulation
  • thicken cervical mucosa and thin endometrial lining
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9
Q

Progestin only “mini pill”

  • contains what hormones
  • MOA
  • when it is used
A
  • only progestin
  • thickens cervical mucus and thins the lining of the uterus (endometrium)
    • less likely to suppress ovulation
  • used when estrogen is contraindicated
    • immediate postpartum period
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10
Q

combination oral contraceptives

  • contain what hormones
A
  • estrogen and progestin
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11
Q

non-contraceptive benefits of OCPs

A
  • cycle regulation
  • tx of heavy menses
  • tx of acne caused by androgenic excess
  • tx of dysmenorrhea
  • prevention of functional ovarian cysts
  • prevention of ovarian, colon, and endometrial cancers
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12
Q

MOA of Depo-Provera (Medroxyprogesterone acetate): injectible contraceptives

A
  • progesterone only
  • suppression of ovulation
  • thinning of lining and thickening of cervical mucosa
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13
Q

contraindications to take Depo-Provera (Medroxyprogesterone acetate): injectible contraceptives

A
  • no absolute contraindications
  • caution with DM, HTN, heart disease
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14
Q

side effects of Medroxyprogesterone acetate: injectible contraceptives

A
  • irregular cycles
  • amenorrhea
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15
Q

tx of breaththrough bleeding

A

dose of estradiol

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16
Q

black box warning for Depo-Provera (Medroxyprogesterone acetate)

A
  • loss of bone mineral density
17
Q

Options of transdermal contraception

A
  • Nuva Ring: releases a low dose of a progestin and estrogen
  • Ortho Evra patch: releases estrogen and progestin hormones
18
Q

MOA of transdermal contraception

A

suppression of ovulation

19
Q

contraindications to transdermal contraceptive

A
  • uncontrolled HTN
  • CAD
  • uncontrolled DM
  • complex migraine HA
  • h/o thromboembolism
  • hormone sensitive CA
  • smoking (over age 35)
20
Q

List examples of barrier methods of contraception. MOA?

A
  • diaphragm
  • condom
  • cervical cap
  • cervical sponge
  • MOA: block fertilization
21
Q

contraindications to barrier methods

A

sensitivity to material

22
Q

non-contraceptive benefits from barrier methods

A

prevention of STD transmission

23
Q

MOA of Subdermal implants

A
  • progestin-only hormone
  • Hormonal suppression of ovulation as well as endometrial and cervical mucous changes.
24
Q

types of Subdermal implants

A
  • Implanon
  • Nexplanon
25
Q

contraindications to Subdermal implants

A
  • sensitivity to materials or progestin
26
Q

List the long acting reversible contraceptives

A
  • Subdermal implants
  • IUD: intrauterine devices
  • sterilization

**failure rate: very low

27
Q

fomulations of intrauterine devices

A
  • skyla: progestin
  • Mirena: progestin
  • Paraguard: copper
28
Q

contraindications to intrauterine devices

A
  • active infection
  • sensitivity to copper
  • uterine anomaly
  • untreated cervical disease
29
Q

progestin IUD (mirena) has been FDA approved for what non-contraceptive benefit

A

tx menorrhagia

30
Q

list types of sterilization

A
  • intra-abdominal
  • Trans-cervical
  • Vasectomy
31
Q

contraindications to sterilization

A
  • surgical restrictions
  • incomplete childbearing

women's health (5 decks)

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