contraception Flashcards
List the contraceptive options that work very well: chance of getting pregnancy < 1/100
- the implant: 3 years
- IUD (skyla): 3 years
- IUD (mirena) 5 years
- IUD (paraguard): 12 years
- sterilization
List the contraceptive options that work okay: chance of getting pregnancy 6-9/100
- the pill: every single day
- the patch: every week
- the ring: every month
- the shot (depo-provera): evey 3 months
List the contraceptive options that work not so well: chance of getting pregnancy 12-24/100
- withdrawal
- diaphragm
- fertility awareness
- condoms
Plan B must be taken within how many hours of unprotected intercourse
- 2 doses of contraceptive pills
- taken within 72 hours
what is another form of emergency contraceptive besides plan B
- can insert paragard IUD within 5 days of incompletely protected coitus
combination estrogen/progestin hormonal contraceptives (included ring and patch) shoud be used with caution in patients with
- diabetes mellitus
- HTN
- smoking (under age 35)
- common migraine headaches
- liver disease
combination estrogen/progestin hormonal contraceptives shoud NEVER be used in patients with
- uncontrolled HTN
- CAD
- uncontrolled DM
- complex migraine HA
- h/o thromboembolism
- hormone sensitive CA
- smoking (over age 35)
MOA of oral contraceptives
- suppression of ovulation
- thicken cervical mucosa and thin endometrial lining
Progestin only “mini pill”
- contains what hormones
- MOA
- when it is used
- only progestin
- thickens cervical mucus and thins the lining of the uterus (endometrium)
- less likely to suppress ovulation
- used when estrogen is contraindicated
- immediate postpartum period
combination oral contraceptives
- contain what hormones
- estrogen and progestin
non-contraceptive benefits of OCPs
- cycle regulation
- tx of heavy menses
- tx of acne caused by androgenic excess
- tx of dysmenorrhea
- prevention of functional ovarian cysts
- prevention of ovarian, colon, and endometrial cancers
MOA of Depo-Provera (Medroxyprogesterone acetate): injectible contraceptives
- progesterone only
- suppression of ovulation
- thinning of lining and thickening of cervical mucosa
contraindications to take Depo-Provera (Medroxyprogesterone acetate): injectible contraceptives
- no absolute contraindications
- caution with DM, HTN, heart disease
side effects of Medroxyprogesterone acetate: injectible contraceptives
- irregular cycles
- amenorrhea
tx of breaththrough bleeding
dose of estradiol
black box warning for Depo-Provera (Medroxyprogesterone acetate)
- loss of bone mineral density
Options of transdermal contraception
- Nuva Ring: releases a low dose of a progestin and estrogen
- Ortho Evra patch: releases estrogen and progestin hormones
MOA of transdermal contraception
suppression of ovulation
contraindications to transdermal contraceptive
- uncontrolled HTN
- CAD
- uncontrolled DM
- complex migraine HA
- h/o thromboembolism
- hormone sensitive CA
- smoking (over age 35)
List examples of barrier methods of contraception. MOA?
- diaphragm
- condom
- cervical cap
- cervical sponge
- MOA: block fertilization
contraindications to barrier methods
sensitivity to material
non-contraceptive benefits from barrier methods
prevention of STD transmission
MOA of Subdermal implants
- progestin-only hormone
- Hormonal suppression of ovulation as well as endometrial and cervical mucous changes.
types of Subdermal implants
- Implanon
- Nexplanon
contraindications to Subdermal implants
- sensitivity to materials or progestin
List the long acting reversible contraceptives
- Subdermal implants
- IUD: intrauterine devices
- sterilization
**failure rate: very low
fomulations of intrauterine devices
- skyla: progestin
- Mirena: progestin
- Paraguard: copper
contraindications to intrauterine devices
- active infection
- sensitivity to copper
- uterine anomaly
- untreated cervical disease
progestin IUD (mirena) has been FDA approved for what non-contraceptive benefit
tx menorrhagia
list types of sterilization
- intra-abdominal
- Trans-cervical
- Vasectomy
contraindications to sterilization
- surgical restrictions
- incomplete childbearing
