Contraception Flashcards
Male condoms
PROS 98% effective Protect from STIs CONS Sex interrupted Can split One use Allows man to take responsibility
Female condoms
PROS Allows woman to take responsibility CONS sex interrupted 95% effective can be pushed in too far more expensive
Diaphragm/cap
PROS Doesn't interrupt sex Reusable Helps protect from STIs CONS used alongside spermicidal cream 92% effective difficulty using them can cause cystitis
Combined pill
PROS 99% effective help with heavy/painful periods protect against some cancers hormones that prevent pregnancy does not interrupt sex CONS taken regularly at the same time of day can still get pregnant if she forgets to take it, vomits or bad diarrhoea weight gain, headaches, mood swings, depression, raised blood pressure, and blood clots. It's a tablet --> hard for some people
Progestogen-only pill
PROS
progestogen hormone prevents pregnancy
99% effective
does not interrupt sex
CONS
has to be taken everyday within a 3 hour period
still get pregnant if she forgets to take it, if she vomits, or bad diarrhoea
women who cannot take oestrogen may not be able to have this
spot-prone skin, tender breasts, and irregular periods
Intrauterine device- IUD
PROS
releases progestogen, preventing pregnancy
99% effective for 3-5 years
do not need to think about contraception whenever they have sex
make periods lighter/shorter or stop
Can be used by women who cannot take the combined pill
CONS
mood swings, skin problems, breast tenderness, or getting an infection
uncomfortable
does not protect from STIs
Contraceptive injection
PROS suitable if taking tablets are hard 99% effective protect from cancers and infections does not interrupt sex hormone that prevents pregnancy CONS headaches, tender breasts, weight gain, mood swings and irregular periods can take a year to get fertility levels back
Contraceptive patch
PROS worn on the skin hormones, preventing pregnancy 99% effective protect from some cancers and infections still effective if the woman vomits or has severe diarrhoea does not interrupt sex CONS headaches, raised blood pressure and blood clots patch must be changed regularly
Contraceptive implant
PROS
health professional inserts it
releases progesterone, preventing pregnancy
99% effective for 3 years
do not need to think about contraception when having sex
CONS
some medicines ineffective
swelling, tenderness, or bruising after insertion, and periods may change
does not protect from STIs
Natural family planning
PROS compatible with all cultures and faiths 98% effective no side effects CONS takes time to identify the fertile days no protection from STIs Semen can be released before withdrawing, so is unreliable.
Emergency contraceptive pill
PROS
prevents pregnancy after unprotected sex
if taken within 24 hours, it’s 98% effective
Free to get
CONS
must be taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex
effectiveness decreases over time
