Contraception Flashcards

Question

Condoms- Advantages

Answer 1

``` Male • Man in control • Protects against STIs • No serious health risks • Easily available (free at Family Planning clinics) ``` ``` Female • Woman in control • Protects against STIs • Can be put in in advance and left inside after erection lost • Not dependent on male erection to work ```

Answer 2

``` Male • Last minute use • Needs to be taught • May cause allergies • May cause psycho sexual difficulties • Higher failure rate among some couples • Oily preparations rot rubber ``` ``` Female • Obtrusive • Expensive • Messy • Rustles during sex • Uncertain failure rate ```

Answer 3

``` Diaphragm Caps • Made of latex • Fit across vagina • Sizes 55 – 95mm in 5cm jumps • Must be used with spermicide and left in at least 6 hours after sexual intercourse ``` ``` Suction (cervical) Caps • Made of plastic • Suction to cervix or vaginal vault • Different sizes • Must be used with spermicide and left in 6 hours or more. ```

Answer 4

``` Diaphragm Caps • Woman in Control • Can be put in in advance • Offers protection against cervical dysplasias • Perceived as “natural” ``` ``` Suction Caps • Suitable for women with poor pelvic muscles • No problems with rubber allergies • Very unobtrusive • Woman in control ```

Answer 5

``` Diaphragm Caps • Needs to be taught • Messy • Higher failure rate than most other methods • Higher UTI • Higher Candiasis ``` ``` Suction Caps • Needs an accessible and suitable cervix • Higher failure rate than diaphragm • Not easy to find experienced teacher ```

Answer 6

• Prediction of ovulation ? 14/7 before period • Sperm can survive 5 days in female tract • Ova can survive 24 hours • Ova are fertilised in the fallopian tube and take 4 days to reach the uterus and implant • Cervical mucus is receptive to sperm around the time of ovulation • Use Periodic Abstinence/alternative contraception to avoid pregnancy • Time intercourse to pre-ovulatory phase to conceive

Answer 7

* Temperature * Rhythm * Cervix position * Cervical mucus * Persona * Lactational amenorrhoea (LAM)

Answer 8

``` Advantages • Non medical • Can be used in 3rd world • Allowed by Catholic church • Can result in closeness of understanding between partners ``` ``` Disadvantages • Failure rate heavily user dependent • Requires skilled teaching • May require cooperation between partners • May involve limiting sexual activity • Can cause strain ```

Answer 9

• Postcoital Pills - Up to 72 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse (UPSI) • Schering PC4 – prevents 3 out of 4 pregnancies which would have occurred • Levonelle – prevents 7 out of 8 pregnancies • ellaOne (ulipristal)–similar • Copper bearing IUCDs • Up to 5 days after presumed ovulation or 5 days after one singleepisode of UPSI at any time of the cycle • Failure extremely rare

Answer 10

Levonelle 2 consists of 2 tablets each containing 750 micrograms of Levonorgestrel • 1.5mg one dose ``` • PC4 • Lower failure rate in 1st 24 hours. • Causes nausea & vomiting in many women • Contraindicated during focal Migraine attack • Levonelle 2 • Lower failure rate in 1st 24 hours • Very little nausea • Only contraindicated in women taking very potent liver enzyme medication (anti TB) ``` ``` ellaOne – ulipristal acetate • New selective progestagen receptor modulator (SPeRM) • Up to 120 hours • RR 0.58 pregnancy vs Levonelle • Possible slightly higher side effect profile – GI symptoms mainly ```

Answer 11

Levonelle 2 Up to 24hrs – 95% 25 – 48 hrs - 85% 49 – 72 hrs- 58% Schering PC4 Up to 24 hrs – 77% 25 – 48 hrs – 36% 49 – 72 hrs – 31%

Answer 12

``` PC4 & Levonelle 2 • Act by postponing ovulation in 1st part of the cycle – So beware! • ??Act by preventing implantation in 2nd part of the cycle • Copper IUCDs • Copper kills sperm in 1st part of the cycle • Device prevents implantation in 2nd part of the cycle ```

Answer 13

``` COCP - <1 /100 WOMAN YEARS Depo - <1 /100 WOMAN YEARS IUCD - <1 /100 WOMAN YEARS IUS - <1 /100 WOMAN YEARS Implants - <1 /100 WOMAN YEARS POP - 1 /100 WOMAN YEARS Condoms- Male - 2 /100 WOMAN YEARS - Female - 5 /100 WOMAN YEARS NFP - 2 /100 WOMAN YEARS Diaph /Caps - 4-8 / 100WOMAN YEARS Female Sterilisation - 1 / 200 failure rate Male Sterilisation - 1 / 2000 failure rate ```

Answer 14

COCP - 8 /100 WOMAN YEARS • POP - 8 /100 WOMAN YEARS • Condoms - 10-15 /100 WOMAN YEARS • If it involves user input error the risks of failure are much higher...