Contorlling The Rate Flashcards
Concentration is the measure of the
Number of particles in a given volume
The more particles in a given volume the
Higher the concentration
Increasing the concentration increases what
Rate of reaction
The higher the concentration there are leads to increased rate this this means the higher the concentration
More reactant particles there are, this means more collisions. More collisions mean more chance of particles having activation energy and favourable collision geometry hence the faster rate
Pressure
Is the force per unit area or how much force is exerted on the outer surface
The higher the pressure the more force applied
Increasing pressure is generally done in one of two ways
•forcing the existing gas particles into a smaller space
•adding more gas particles to the existing space
When pressure increases what increases
The rate
Why does increased pressure increase rate
•This is due to the pressure in a reaction having gases,
•this reduced volume for particles to move around in.
•This results in more collisions therefore an increased chance of particles having activation energy and colliding with favourable collision geometry
The size of the particles has what effect on the rate
Great one as:
Small pz = large surface area
Large pz = small surface area
Increasing the surface area does what to particle size
Decreases it
The larger the the surface area the
More particles that can collide simultaneously the more collisions that occur the more chance of collision occurring between particles with the activation energy and with favourable collision geometry this leads to an increased rate of reaction
What is temperature
Average kinetic energy of the particles
Increasing temp means what
Particles gain more kinetic energy
Increasing the temperature increases kinetic energy of the partocles
This means more particles have the activation energy therefore there are more successful collisions and a higher rate
Catalyst
•Substance which speeds up a reaction but isn’t consumed in it
What do catalyst do
Lower activation energy for a reaction making it easier for the activated complex to form
How do catalysts reduce the activation energy of a reaction
Catalyst reduce the activation energy of a reaction by providing an alternative route for the reaction to proceed
2 factors that must be kept constant in experiments
Volume of all reactants
Concentration of all reactants
