Contingency theories

Question 1

Define the Fiedler Model

Answer 1

• One of the first developed contingency theories. He did not believe the leader is able to change the behaviour, but he suggested the leader changes the context (job)
• The model assumes a person’s leadership style is permanent (task or relationship oriented)
• Based on the style a match with a fitting organizational situation is found

Question 2

Define Situation leadership theory

Answer 2

• Leaders can adapt their style based on the followers’ readiness (are followers willing and able to do a certain task)
• Based on task behaviour and supportive behaviour

Question 3

Define Path-goal theory

Answer 3

• Derives from the expectancy theory of motivation
• Leader can impact the satisfaction, motivation and performance of employees
• It is leader’s job to provide necessary resources to achieve followers’ goals by making sure the path to accomplishing these goals is clear and understandable.
• It suggests four leadership styles a leader can use in different situations:
   Directive
   Supportive
   Participative
   Achievement oriented

Question 4

Define Leader-Participation Model

Answer 4

• Leader includes followers in the decision making
• Some authors divide the theory into four types:
   Collective leadership
   Democratic leadership
   Autocratic leadership
   Consensus leadership