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Whopper day 3 > Continental drift > Flashcards

Continental drift Flashcards

Slow movement of earths continents spreading

1
Q

continental drift

A

movement of earths continents spreading apart

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2
Q

Seafloor spreading

A

Seafloor spreading apart on both sides of a mid ocean ridge

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3
Q

alfred Wegner

A

He hypothiseised that all the continents were all together at one point in time.

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4
Q

What is evidence for Alfreds therory

A

Mountain ranges lining up, Foosils, climate change

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5
Q

harry Hess

A

Since Alfred wegner could not provide an explanation for the push or pull of the continents so he came up with it

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6
Q

What is evidence for harry hess

A

drilling samples

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7
Q

J tuzo Wilson

A

Was a candian scientest that proposed the lithosphere is broken into different plates

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8
Q

What do plates float on top of

A

asthenosphere

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9
Q

Convection currents cause plates to …….

A

move

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10
Q

Were do plates meet

A

plate boundries

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11
Q

TRansform boundries

A

place where 2 plates slip past each other in oiste dirrections

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12
Q

Divergent boundries

A

2 plates move apart at a mid ocean ridge

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13
Q

Convergent boundries

A

When 2 plate go apart or converge

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14
Q

Stress

A

Force that acts upon a rock to change its shape or volume

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15
Q

Tension

A

pulls on crust stretching rock so it becomes thinne rin the middle

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16
Q

Compression

A

squeezes rock until it folds or breaks

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17
Q

Shearing

A

Pushes a mass of rock in two oppisite directions

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18
Q

Strain

A

A change in the rock caused by stress

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19
Q

Elastic strain

A

non-Permanant change in rock

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20
Q

PLastic strain

A

permanant change in rock

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21
Q

mid ocean ridge

A

tension causes oceananic crust to spread allowing hot rock from the mantle to rise

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22
Q

continental rift

A

When divergent boundries occur within a continent causing enormous splits in the crust

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23
Q

Mountain ranges

A

collision between two continental plates

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24
Q

ocean trenches

A

one plate goes under another during collision forming a deep trench where two plates meet

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25
Q

Volcanic Arches

A

curved line of volcanoes that forms paralell to plate boundries

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26
Q

`transform faults

A

when plates slide horizontally past each other they form a fault or a break in the rock of the crust

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27
Q

fault zones

A

an area of many fractured peices of crust along a large fault

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28
Q

Normal fault

A

They form when forces pull apart

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29
Q

strike slip

A

2 blocks of rock slip past each other in oppiste ways

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30
Q

reverse fault

A

force pushes 2 blocks of rock together with the rock above moving up

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31
Q

earthquake

A

vibration in the ground that results from movement along faults

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32
Q

focus

A

point in earths surface where a rock under stress breaks

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33
Q

epicenter

A

point on the surface directly above the focus

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34
Q

seismic waves

A

waves that carry energy away from an earthquake away from the focus

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35
Q

Primary waves

A

compression waves that travel through solids and liquids compressing the material being passed through

36
Q

Secondary waves

A

only travels through solids and move slower than p waves

37
Q

surface waves

A

moves slower than p and s waves put can make severe ground movement

38
Q

volcanoes

A

a weak spot in earths crust where molten material comes to the surface

39
Q

magma

A

molten mixture of rock forming substances

40
Q

Island arc

A

string of islands created by volcanoes where 2 oceanic plates collided and 1 sank under the other

41
Q

hot spot

A

area where material from deep within the mantle rises then melts forming magma

42
Q

volcanoe passage ways

A

magma chamber, pipe, vent, lava flows, crater

43
Q

quiet eruption

A

when magma has low silica content, flows easily , and eurpts quietly.

44
Q

Explosive eruption

A

magma has high silica content, with trapped gasses building up pressure

45
Q

dormant volcano

A

not active but can become active

46
Q

extint volcano

A

unlikely to erupt again

47
Q

Sheild volcano

A

lava flows gradually building vide mountain

48
Q

cinder cone volcano

A

tall cone shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash

49
Q

composite volcano

A

tall cone shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash

50
Q

lava plateaus

A

high level area that has been built up over tim by lava seeping through cracks

51
Q

caldera

A

huge hole left by the collapse of volcano

52
Q

volcanic necks

A

forms when magma hardens in a volcano pipe

53
Q

dikes

A

forms when magma forces itself across rock layers and hardens

54
Q

sill

A

forms when magma squeezes between horizantal layers of rock

55
Q

batholiths

A

`mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust

56
Q

Dome mountain

A

forms when a uplift pushes a batholith towards the surface

57
Q

Geothermal activity

A

occurs when magma heats underground water and forms

58
Q

Hot spring

A

forms when ground water is heated by magma and evantually rises to collect in a natural pool

59
Q

Geyser

A

fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground when the buildup of pressure id released

60
Q

Eco-systems

A

All living and non living organisms that are in one enviorment

61
Q

Biotic factors

A

living things in a eco system

62
Q

Abiotic factors

A

non living things in a eco system

63
Q

producers

A

organisms that make there own food

64
Q

consumers

A

need to consume food

65
Q

Decomposer

A

They nutrients to the soil

66
Q

Individual

A

form of life considerd an entity

67
Q

population

A

all the individuals of the same species in the same ares

68
Q

community

A

collection of all different populations in 1 area

69
Q

biome

A

distinct ecological communities of plants and animals in a particular climate

70
Q

biosphere

A

pert of earths crusts waters and atmishpere that supports life

71
Q

tempurate forest

A

not cold or hot

has trees

72
Q

tropical rainforest

A

they are located near t he equator and get a lot of rain but very humid

73
Q

desert

A

lack of rain

dry soil

74
Q

Grasslands

A

wide area of land filled with plants

75
Q

tundra

A

Is a cold tree- less plain that is very cold

76
Q

Aquatic

A

2 types: marine and freshwater
marine is made up[ of salt water
fresh water is ponds, lakes, streams and rivers

77
Q

food chain

A

A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy passses as 1 organisms eats another

78
Q

food web

A

graph that shows all the trophic, eating related and interactions between various species in an eco-system

79
Q

Symbiosis

A

A relationship between 2 or more organisms that live close together

80
Q

commensilism

A

when 1 organism benifits and the other is not harmed or helped

81
Q

mutalism

A

both organisms benifit

82
Q

paratism

A

one is harmed and the other is helped

83
Q

Radiation

A

transfer of energy trough empty space

84
Q

conduction

A

heat transfer by direct contact

85
Q

convection

A

heat transfer by the movement of heated fluid

86
Q

convection currents

A

flow in the mantle heat source

Whopper day 3 (1 decks)

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