contexty stuff Flashcards

1
Q

key context at home

A
  • industrial revolution gave rise to dissent
  • Birth of modern Britain: rise of capitalism, shifting power structures
  • radical thought, violence and rioting
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2
Q

key context abroad

A
  • American war of independence undermined hierarchical and monarchical structures
  • -> Blake hated George III
  • the terror: those that placed hope in revolution were disillusioned
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3
Q

What was Holy Thursday?

A

annual service from 1872 onwards at St. Pauls Cathedral on maundy Thursday

–> day for the london charity school children (mainly orphans) focusing on values of pity and charity

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4
Q

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

A
  • feelings more important than reason
  • humans are naturally good, but corrupted by society
  • importance of nature
  • importance of domesticated mother
  • Blake attacked him as an irreligious freethinker
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5
Q

Emanuel Swedenborg

A
  • unorthodox religious thinker
  • rejected Holy Trinity and argued that Jesus alone was god
  • fall from eden was not a punishment by a just god, but the revenge of a ‘selfish father of men’
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6
Q

Blakes life

A
  • set up print shop but the business died

- devised his own mythology, a mixture of myth and the bible

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7
Q

Romanticism

A

priory to the imagination, freedom, self-expression and the individual

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8
Q

Blake’s anti-clericalism

A
  • attacks the destructive dogmas and ideologies
  • miseries caused by the churches demand for obedience
  • church fails to protect childhood innocence
  • is complicit in oppression
  • tyrannical spiritually, sexually and emotionally
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9
Q

pastoral poetry

A

celebrates natural world
nature as a manifestation of god
primacy to imagination

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10
Q

Victorian child labour and the conditions they lived in

A

child labour was the norm in the 1880s

laws passed over a series of decades to gradually improve working conditions and treatment of children

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11
Q

what jobs did Victorian children perform?

A
  • coal mines
  • chimney sweep
  • factory worker
  • domestic servant
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12
Q

why were children employed in mines

A
  • Children were much smaller, allowing them to manouever tight spaces
  • children demanded less pay
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13
Q

what were working conditions like in mines

A
  • lack of proper ventilation, coal dust was very thick in the air
  • 12 to 18 hours a day
  • constant noise
  • rat infestation
  • explosions and cave ins
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14
Q

what were working conditions like for chimney sweepers

A
  • some as young as 3
  • arms, elbows, legs and knees scraped raw
  • getting stuck in stacks –> dying alone
  • lung damage
  • purposefully underfed so they would fit for longer
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15
Q

who would become a chimney sweep

A
  • orphans, who were put back on the street when too big for the chimneys (9 or 10)
  • kidnapped children
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16
Q

chimney sweeper act 1788

A
  • law against the use of young children under 8

- master sweep had to offer proper clothe sand decent living conditions and allow children to go to church on sundays

17
Q

1840 act

A

illegal to make someone under the age of 21 climb a chimney to clean it

18
Q

Deism

A

god does not interfere past creation

people are responsible for people

19
Q

Anapaestic rythum

A

da da dum
skipping rythum
e.g. second holy thursday

20
Q

Trochaic rythum

A

cradle song
Tiger
second holy Thursday

21
Q

Iambic rythum

A

first holy Thursday

22
Q

Thou shalt not

A

Spondee

23
Q

Key methods in blake

A

form: two collections
nursery ryhme form

natural imagery
transition between innocence and experience

anthropomorphism (tiger and lamb symbol) –> animals as symbolic for humans