Context

Question 1

Written

Answer 1

1623

Question 2

Difference between julius Caesar and a and c

Answer 2

JC Antony appears powerful and honourable turns public against conspirators , w Caesar he defeats them at battle of Philipi

Question 3

Aeneid and Marc Antoine

Answer 3

Marc Antoine 1578, doesn’t dramatise view from both lovers constrained by neoclassical ideas. Aeneid and Shakespeare explore conflict between duty and love , Aeneas’s mission is to lead the trojans encounters dido the queen of Carthage shipwrecked on African coast falls in love and is reminded by the gods of his mission causing him to leave for Rome . Renaissance fuelled by discovery of classical texts

Question 4

Difference between Plutarch and a and c

Answer 4

Plutarch Antony is curl lecherous and corrupt , Shakespeare’s is more noble . Plutarch critical of roman practices and rigid maintenance of law and order and therefore presented it as culturally distant . Candidius did not betray Antony historically but it foreshadows es later abandonment . E minor character but expanded by s, betrays Antony after battle of actium in Shakespeare unlike Plutarch - extended process of a loosing moral support . Foreshadows as own suicide

Question 5

What is style of Elizabethan theatre

Answer 5

Sparse little scenery and contemporary costumes , continuous staging no scale division. Short battle scenes create urgency and immediacy as there is no set , canon fired from outside theatre .invention of renaissance period . First permanent theatre built 1576

Question 6

What does Shakespeare question

Answer 6

Traditional forms of authority in church and state , conflict between Antony and Caesar represents collusion between older connections of power based on individual honour and new forms of power

Question 7

Jacobean court politics

Answer 7

Caesar reflects James 1 criticises unfavourably, critical of universal monarchy and transformation from triumvirate to universal monarchy . Antony neglects his public duty , disorder in James 1 court - negligence warning of the importance of monarchical commitment and how James 1 was inconsistent in governing causing his court to become decadent

Question 8

Cleopatra

Answer 8

Powerful And positive new image for women celebrates transcendent love or is she the destroyer of Antony and a temptress . Fights against imperialism , presenting as exotic - western mystification of the oriental. Rete rd to as a serpent link to garden of eden . Post modern criticism see her as an autonomous ruler . Plutarch was highly critical of her . She reverses orthodox gender relationship which Antony accepts. Jacobean audience would see him as emasculated

Question 9

Protestant

Answer 9

7 deadly sins , Antony is an individual beset by temptation and we follow his inn e struggle , preoccupation with the self encouraged by Protestantism

Question 10

Acting and Real life

Answer 10

Theatricality of their relationship Elizabethan the audience would interrupt . Cleopatra histrionic awed by her subjects celebration of theatricality , 17th century critics such as Stephen goson thought plays were Satanic inventions , draw audience to participate in lying fictions

Question 11

If it be love Indeed

Answer 11

Critical exploration of love, is it love or merely transference . Love is a convenient way to express other emotions , characters in love use hyperbole . Difference in translation of feeling between Egypt and Rome . Egyptians declares, Romans feel

Question 12

Stable identity

Answer 12

Questioned by s contradicting Elizabethan homily of independence 1559. People must accept their god given roles and social hierarchy . 17th century progresses disruption to social hierarchies due to population growth and inflation creating a crisis of order . Displayed in instability of a and c and embodiment of 2 roles celebrated rather then 17th century polemicists who urged for fixed society

Question 13

Social and public shaming

Answer 13

Antony humiliated by suicide , betrayed by cleopatra , shameful to have an unruly wife . Shaming rituals such as husbands beating wife , portraying man as weak and effeminate. Alternatively suicide can been s en as embodying both Egyptian and Roman identity/

Question 14

Body breaking down

Answer 14

Images of that reflect the brekaown of the state without a component leader

Question 15

Montaigne

Answer 15

Fragmented human being creature of weakness failure inconsistancy and uncertainty . Man can go from weak to strong in a day

Question 16

Stoicism

Answer 16

One should avoid extreme emotion as this leads to the ills of society , suicide is a noble acceptance of the end

Question 17

Empire

Answer 17

A and c Roman Empire formidable and ambitious but not at the height of its power similar to Jacobean England 1607. Aspiring to an imperial future attempts to expand across the Atlantic 1585 Virginia enterprise attempts to colonise new foundland . Worries about colonists falling into moral degeneracy like Antony