Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Engineering Term 3 2024 > content > Flashcards

content Flashcards

1
Q

Wedge

A

Wedges are very basic simple machines that are made up of two inclined planes placed back to back. Wedges can be used to cut, split, tighten, hold things together, and scrape things.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Wheel and Axle

A

A wheel and axle is made up of a larger disc attached in the centre to a smaller cylinder. Axles and wheels by themselves are not simple machines—only the combination of the two make a simple machine. The circular disc of the wheel acts as a class 1 lever with the axle as the fulcrum. Turning the wheel (the input force) causes that axle to turn (the output force).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lever

A

A lever is a simple machine consisting of a beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Inclined Plane

A

An inclined plane is a sloped surface that reduces the effort needed to move an object by spreading the required force over a longer distance. While the object is moved a greater distance compared to lifting it directly, the force required is less. This helps make the task of moving objects easier, but the total amount of work remains the same.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Screw

A

A screw is an inclined plane that is wrapped around a cylinder that converts a rotational force to a linear force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pulley

A

A pulley is a wheel used in a different way. A pulley consists of a rope and hub or ‘drum’ in which there is a grooved wheel mounted with an axle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Examples of Wedge

A

Axes
Knives
Screwdrivers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Examples of Wheel and Axle

A

Bicycle
Car
Hand Truck
Wagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Examples of Inclined Plane

A

Ramp, hill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Examples of Screw

A

Wood Screws
Machine Screws
Sheet Metal Screws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Examples of Pulley

A

Fixed, moveable, compound, and complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Explain the concept of work in relation to simple machines

A

When a force acts upon an object to cause a displacement of the object, it is said that work was done upon the object.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define Mechanical advantage

A

Mechanical advantage (MA) is a measure of how much a machine amplifies the input force to perform a task. It is defined as the ratio of the output force exerted by the machine to the input force applied to it. In other words, it tells you how much easier a machine makes it to move a load or perform work.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define power

A

Power (P) is the rate at which work is done per unit time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explain the relationship between work done, mechanical energy, and power.

A

Work and Mechanical Energy: Work done alters mechanical energy.
Work and Power: Power is the rate of doing work.
Mechanical Energy and Power: Power measures how quickly mechanical energy changes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Explain the relationship between mechanical advantage and effort required

A

The mechanical advantage of a machine indicates how effectively it amplifies the applied force. A higher mechanical advantage means less effort is needed to perform a task, though it may require moving the load over a greater distance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define velocity ratio.

A

the ratio of a distance through which any part of a machine moves to that which the driving part moves during the same time (VR = DE / DL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Compare and contrast velocity ratio and mechanical advantage

A

VR relates to speed, while MA relates to force.
Both are ratios, but VR deals with motion and MA with power output.
VR is theoretical, while MA reflects actual performance, influenced by friction and efficiency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define efficiency and its significance in mechanical systems

A

Efficiency in mechanical systems is the measure of how effectively a machine converts input energy into useful output energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Discuss factors affecting efficiency

A

Friction, materials quality, design of equipment, maintenance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Define gear ratio and its relevance in gear systems

A

Gear Ratio is the ratio of the number of teeth on two interlocking gears or the ratio of their rotational speeds. It determines how torque and speed are transferred between gears in a gear system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

If the driver gear is larger than the driven gear, is it a speed multiplier or force multiplier

A

Increase speed decrease torque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

If the driven gear is larger than the driver gear, is it a speed multiplier or force multiplier

A

Increase torque decrease speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

VR formula for worm gear

A

teeth on worm gear / threading of worm wheel

25
Q

Provide examples and practical applications of spur gears

A

Gearbox in Vehicles: Transfers power between shafts to control speed and torque.
Clock Mechanisms: Drives the movement of clock hands with precise timekeeping.
Industrial Conveyors: Moves conveyor belts and machinery components.
Washing Machines: Powers the drum and agitator for washing clothes.
3D Printers: Controls the movement of the print head and build platform.
Toy Cars: Transfers rotational motion from the motor to the wheels for movement.

26
Q

Explain the principle of operation of worm gears

A

A gear consisting of a shaft with a spiral thread that engages with and drives a toothed wheel. Worm gears are used to transmit power between two shafts that are at right angles to each other and are non-intersecting.

This results in significant speed reduction and increased torque. Their self-locking design prevents the worm wheel from driving the worm, making them ideal for applications requiring a secure, non-reversible mechanism.

27
Q

Advantages of worm gear

A

High speed reduction
Compact design
Transmit power between non-intersecting shafts
Self-locking (no back-driving)

28
Q

Identify practical applications of worm gears

A

Automotive Steering: Provides precise steering control.
Winches: Converts high-speed input to high-torque output.
Fishing Reel: Provides smooth line retrieval and precise drag control.
Guitar Tuning: Allows fine adjustments to string tension for precise pitch control.

29
Q

Explain the conversion of rotational motion to linear motion in rack and pinion systems

A

The pinion gear rotates and meshes with the rack, causing the rack to be driven in a straight line.

30
Q

Identify common uses of rack and pinion systems

A

Steering Systems in Vehicles, Printers, CNC machines

31
Q

What is a bevel gear

A

A bevel gear is a type of gear designed to transmit motion and torque between shafts that are at an angle to each other, typically at a 90-degree angle. Bevel gears have conical-shaped teeth that mesh with each other, allowing for the transfer of rotational motion and force between intersecting shafts.

32
Q

Provide examples and practical applications of bevel gears

A

Automobile Differentials: Allow wheels to rotate at different speeds.
Hand Drill

33
Q

VR in wheel and axle

A

2πR (wheel) / 2πr (axle)

34
Q

VR in inclined planes

A

1 / sin(θ)

35
Q

What is the distance the load moves in inclined planes

A

the height of the inclined plane

36
Q

VR in screws

A

Circumference (2πr or πd) / pitch

37
Q

VR in pulleys

A

Number of rope sections supporting the load

38
Q

How to calculate output speed

A

output = input / VR

39
Q

VR / gear ratio in gears

A

(Radius, Diameter, Circumference, #teeth) of driven / (Radius, Diameter, Circumference, #teeth) of driver

40
Q

Types of motion

A

Rotary, Linear, Reciprocating, Oscillating

41
Q

What is the advantage of a simple machine

A

It makes work easier by either changing direction, increasing magnitude, increasing the distance or speed of a force or transferring the force from one place to another

42
Q

What is purpose of first class lever

A

The purpose of a first-class lever is to amplify force and change the direction of applied force. In a first-class lever, the fulcrum (pivot point) is positioned between the input force and the load.

43
Q

What is purpose of second class lever

A

The purpose of a second-class lever is to increase the mechanical advantage, allowing a smaller effort to lift or move a larger load. In a second-class lever, the load is positioned between the fulcrum and the effort.

44
Q

What is purpose of third class lever

A

The purpose of a third-class lever is to increase the speed and range of motion of a load rather than to amplify force. In a third-class lever, the effort is applied between the fulcrum and the load.

45
Q

What is a gear

A

A gear is a rotating machine part used to transmit rotational motion and/or torque by means of a series of teeth that engage with compatible teeth of another gear or other part.

Prevents slippage and the change of speed, torque and rotational direction

46
Q

Importance of efficiency,

A

Cost Savings, performance enhancement, extend equipment life

47
Q

Examples of first class lever

A

Seesaw
Crowbar
Pry Bar

48
Q

Examples of second class lever

A

Wheelbarrow
Nutcracker
Bottle Opener

49
Q

Examples of third class lever

A

Tweezers
Fishing Rod
Broom

50
Q

Ideal MA of First class lever

A

If the fulcrum is closer to the load, the lever has a mechanical advantage (MA) greater than 1. If the fulcrum is in the middle, MA equals 1.

51
Q

Ideal MA of Second class lever

A

Greater than 1

52
Q

Ideal MA of Third class lever

A

Less than 1

53
Q

Are First class levers force multipliers or speed multipliers

A

Force Multiplier

54
Q

Are Second class levers force multipliers or speed multipliers

A

Force Multiplier

55
Q

Are Third class levers force multipliers or speed multipliers

A

Speed Multiplier

56
Q

A wheel and axle belongs to what type of fundamental simple machine?

A

Lever

57
Q

A screw belongs to what type of fundamental simple machine?

A

inclined plane

58
Q

What is mechanical energy

A

Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy within a physical system.

59
Q
A

Engineering Term 3 2024 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions