Contemporary Urban Environments

Question 1

mega city

Answer 1

population more than 10 million

Question 2

millionaire city

Answer 2

1 million +

Question 3

meta city

Answer 3

more than 20 million people

Question 4

urban growth

Answer 4

increase in the number of urban dwellers

Question 5

urbanisation

Answer 5

increase in proportion of a country population living in towns and cities

Question 6

urban sprawl

Answer 6

spread of an urban area into the surrounding countryside

Question 7

counter urbanisation

Answer 7

movement of people from large urban areas into smaller urban areas or into rural areas

Question 8

de centralisation

Answer 8

movement of population and industry from urban centre to outlying areas

Question 9

deindustrialisation

Answer 9

loss of jobs in secondary sector

Question 10

urban resurgence

Answer 10

regeneration of an area suffering decline

moving people back into urban areas

Question 11

urban policy

Answer 11

strategies chosen by central or local government to manage development of urban areas and reduce urban problems

Question 12

urban policy 1979-1991

Answer 12

emphasise on private sector to regenerate inner city areas

URBAN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATIONS E.G. LONDON DOCKLANDS

Question 13

urban policy 1991-1997

Answer 13

focus on local leadership and partnership between private sector and local community
CITY CHALLENGE

Question 14

urban policy 2000’s

Answer 14

narrowing gap between deprived areas and country

NEW DEAL FOR COMMUNTIES

Question 15

Urban form

Answer 15

physical characteristics that make up built up areas

Question 16

edge city

Answer 16

self contained settlement which has emerged beyond the original city boundary and developed as a city in it own right

Question 17

fortress landscape

Answer 17

landscapes designed around security protection surveillance and exclusion

Question 18

world city

Answer 18

cities that have great influence on a global scale because of financial status and worldwide commercial power e.g.g New York, London, Tokyo

Question 19

flagship development

Answer 19

High streets that have more chain stores than independent stores.

Question 20

ghetto

Answer 20

an area where the population is made up of the ethnic minority

Question 21

temperature inversion

Answer 21

an abnormal increase in temperature with height in the troposphere

Question 22

albedo

Answer 22

reflectivity of a surface. ratio of incoming insolation and energy reflected back to atmosphere
light reflect more than dark so have greater albedo

Question 23

microclimate

Answer 23

small scale variations in temperature, precipitation humidity and wind speed and evaporation

Question 24

photochemical pollution

Answer 24

form of air pollution that occurs mainly In cities. exhaust fumes become trapped by temp inversions. associated with high pressure weather systems

Question 25

particulate air pollution

Answer 25

form of air pollution by the release of particles and noxious gases into the atmosphere

Question 26

urban heat island

Answer 26

the zone round and above an urban area, which has higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas

Question 27

postmodern western city

Answer 27

moving away from uniformity in architecture

Question 28

SUDS

Answer 28

Sustainable urban drainage system

imitating natural drainage systems

Question 29

types of SUDS

Answer 29

vegetated trenches, vegetated roofs and contatiners

Question 30

why do types of waste n disposal vary between contuntries

Answer 30

economic / lifestyle;/ attitude

Question 31

ways of managing urban waste

Answer 31

unregulated
recycling
incineration
recovery
burial
submergence
trade

Question 32

urban derelication

Answer 32

economic activity in urban areas declines and and buildings become run down