Contemporary Study: Capafons Flashcards

1
Q

state the 2 aims

A
  • investigate whether SD is an effective therapeutic technique/treatment for fear of flying
  • investigate whether this can be achieved through a simulation
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2
Q

describe the sample

A
  • 20 in the treatment group
  • 8 males and 12 females
  • mean age 29.65
  • 21 controls
  • mean age 34.05
  • 41 in total
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3
Q

what was the participant design?

A
  • matched pairs
  • age
  • sex
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4
Q

what sample method was used?

A

volunteers from a media campaign advertising free treatment for fear of flying

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5
Q

state the 3 DVs

A
  • diagnosis of fear with the IDG-FV (e.g. “how afraid of flying would you say you are?” )
  • measure of fear and catastrophic thoughts during flight
  • physiological symptoms
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6
Q

describe the procedure part 1

A
  • ppts interviewed and self reports to measure DV 1 and 2
  • called back later to watch a simulation of flying from packing a suitcase to touching down after the flight
  • physiological responses were measured for 3 mins before being shown the video
  • then told to fee, as involved as possible
  • room temp remained at 22.5 degrees and distance from the screen was 1.8m, physiological responses measured during this time
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7
Q

describe the procedure part 2

A
  • expt group = 2x1 hour sessions for 8 weeks
  • 4 sessions of relaxation training breathing
  • 2 sessions going through hierarchy
  • 3-5 sessions applying it
  • control group = no treatment
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8
Q

describe the procedure part 3

A

-carried out after ppt had taken 2 in vivo flights
-first was 7 days after treatment
- recordings of heart rate, palm temp and muscular tension were recorded during take off

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9
Q

describe the results

A
  • variables decreased before and after treatment for the treatment group
  • decrease of 12.3 in fear during flight after treatment for the treatment group compared to an increase of 9.8 for the control group
  • catastrophic thoughts of the treatment group decreased by 5.3 whereas they increased by 0.09 for the control group
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10
Q

describe the conclusion

A
  • SD = effective
  • no corresponding reduction of fear in the control group= passing of time not enough to reduce fear.
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11
Q

what is a weakness of the study (PEE)?
- generalisability

A

a weakness of the study is that it lacks generalisability. for example, the treatment was only carried out for aerophobic ppts and had a volunteer sample of only 41 ppts. this small sample all share similar characteristics of aerophobia. therefore, the results cannot be generalised to other phobias.

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12
Q

what is a strength of the study (PEE)?
- reliability

A

a strength of the study is that it is high in reliability. for example, standardised procedures were used such as the distance away from the film screen (1.8m), the amount of sessions (2 per week for 8 weeks) and the room temperature (22.5). therefore, the study is easy to replicate and test for consistency. in addition, quantitative data was used such as measurement of heart rate. this makes it easy to measure and creates objective results and so it is easier to test for consistency in comparisons.

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13
Q

what is a strength of the study (PEE)?
- application

A

a strength of the study is that it has applications. for example, 18/20 ppts had a decrease in their fear of flying after treatment. therefore, this shows that SD is an effective treatment and could help other people overcome their phobias.

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14
Q

what is a weakness of the study (PEECA)?
- validity

A

a weakness of the study is that it lacks ecological validity. this is because ppts were exposed to their phobia through a simulation of a plane on a video which is an artificial task. therefore, it lacks mundane realism and can’t be accurate for a real flight situation, and may not relect their real life display of their aerophobia. however, the ppts went on two real flights and learnt relaxation methods that are used in everyday life. therefore, this means the findings are reflective of how people will respond regardless of the study occurring.

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15
Q

what is a strength of the study (PEE)?
-ethics

A

the study has ethical strengths. for example, after the procedure, all of the participants received treatment including the control group. therefore, this means that individuals were not left with trauma or psychological harm and 18/20 experimental ppts had a decrease in their fear after the treatment.

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