Contacts Flashcards
Green Flashing
Ground-Cleared to Taxi
In Flight-Return to Land
Green Steady
Ground-Cleared to Takeoff
In Flight-Cleared to Land
Steady Red
Ground-Stop
In Flight-Give Away and Continue Circling
Red Flashing
Ground-Taxi off Runaway
In Flight-Do not Land
Flashing White
Ground-Return to Starting Point
In Flight-N/A
Alternating Red and Green
Ground-Extreme Caution
In Flight-Extreme Caution
Red Pryotechnics
Ground-N/A
In Flight-Do Not Land/Wave Off Immediately
What is Sandbag Syndrome?
Based on the comforting premise that one or more other crew members have the situation under control and are looking out for your interest.
What does IMSAFE stand for?
Illness Medication Stress Alcohol Fatigue Eating
What Newton and Bernoulli Discover?
Newton: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Bernoulli: If the velocity of air is increased at a particular point, the static pressure of the air is decreased at that point.
Four Forces of flight?
Lift
Gravity
Thrust
Drag
When does the Centrifugal Force occur?
Only occurs only when the airplane is turning or changing directions.
What are the four factors that contribute to yawing tendency?
- Torque reaction to the engine and propeller
- Propeller’s gyroscopic effect
- Corkscrewing effect (propeller slipstream)
- Asymmetric loading of the propeller (P-factor)
What is Torque Reaction?
The aircraft rotates opposite to the propeller creating a rolling tendency left which yaws the aircraft right
What does P.A.T. stand for?
Power
Attitude
Trim
What order do you trim?
Rudder
Elevator
Ailerons
What is the Best rate of Climb?
140 KIAS
What is the Normal rate of climb?
180 KIAS
Transponder Codes
7700
7600
7500
1200
7700 Emergency
7600 Two-way radio failure
7500 Hi jacked notification
1200 Operating under VFR
Four Sight Limitations
Visual Accommodation- (2-3 sec to focus)
Empty Field Myopia-Nothing to focus on in view
Binocular Vision-minds tends ignore things that both eyes don’t see
Narrow Field of Vision-you can only focus and classify objects in a 15 degree area. (Tunnel Vision)
Midair collisions are greatly diminished when?
You scan 60 degrees left and right of center and 10 degrees up and down of the horizon
Types of scan patterns
Front to side
Side to side
Types of Hydroplaning
Dynamic - Water
Viscous - Film of oil or other foreign material
Rubber - layer steam generated from burning rubber
Primary purpose of high lift devices?
Increase the coefficient of lift and reduce stall speed
What is adverse yaw?
Downward deflected aileron produces more lift and drag, while the other aileron produce less lift and drag resulting in a veering movement toward up going wing.
Trim Requirements for Rudder and Elevator
Acceleration Left/Down
Deceleration Right/Up
Power Addition Right/Down
Power Reduction Left/Up
“Airspeed Trumps Power”
What is the Blossom Effect?
An aircraft seemingly stationary not moving or growing in size for a long time, and then suddenly bloom into a huge mass filling the canopy
Environmental factors effecting vision
Lighting-back lighted
Contrast-airplanes hard to see in cluttered background
Weather-haze/glare
What the performance instruments
Attitude Indicator Altimeter VSI Airspeed Indicator Heading Indicator Turn and Bank Indicator
Types of Turns
Shallow-returns to neutral
Moderate-stays deflected and stable
Steep-increases angle of bank
During turn pilot should remain ______ throughout the Turn.
Upright and centered in the seat
What is the 1/3 rule?
Start the rollout 1/3 of the AOB being used.
What is a skid or a slip?
Skid-when an aircraft slides sideways from the center of a turn
Slip-when an aircraft slides sideways toward the center of a turn
Drift Angle
Difference between the actual heading and the ground track
What is crabbing?
Turning into the wind at an angle to produce a desired ground track.
1 degree of crab per 3 knots of crosswind
Twice as much crab on downwind then on upwind
What is the primary factor which affects an airplane’s ability to climb?
Excess power available
Climbing Turn Factors
Decrease in effective lift relative to climbs and turns
Degree of bank should be neither too steep or to shallow
A constant airspeed,rate of turn and AOB must be stress
Greater tendency towards nose heaviness
Attention should be diverted from the airplanes nose and divided among all references equally
What is the ADB and MAF?
ADB-Aircraft Discrepancy Book-Aircraft maintenance for the last 10 flights
MAF-Maintenance Action Form
Who many joker fuels and bingo fuels per sortie?
1 joker and 1 bingo at least
Who is the commanding officer and what is his responsibilities?
Pilot who signs for the plane and is responsible for the safety of the aircraft, equipment and the crew. Must conduct through preflight inspection.
Takeoff Gust Factor
Rotation Speed + 1/2 gust factor
What does “Respect the Seat” mean?
Q
What is the cause of a stall?
Excessive AOA
