Contact Lens Manual

Question 1

The individual awarded the first patent
for a corneal lens made of PMMA was:

a) Da Vinci
c) Fick
b) Tuohy
d) Soper

Answer 1

b) Tuohy

Question 2

Until the 1930s, all contact lenses were
made of:

a) plastic
c) gelatin
b) glass
d) CAB

Answer 2

b) glass

Question 3

Polycon I, the first silacrylate lens, was
developed by:

a) Tuohy
b) Wichterle
c) Wesley
d) Seidner

Answer 3

d) Seidner

Question 4

The biggest disadvantage of PMMA as a
contact lens material is its lack of:

a) color
b) stability
c) gas permeability
d) optical clarity

Answer 4

c) gas permeability

Question 5

Bifocal contact lenses have been marketed
in the U.S. since which decade of
the twentieth century?

a) fifties
b) sixties
c) seventies
d) eighties

Answer 5

a) fifties

Question 6

From the 1930s through the 1960s, the
material of choice for contact lenses was:

a) FSA
b) CAB
c) PMMA
d) HEMA

Answer 6

c) PMMA

Question 7

The first company to market soft lenses in
the U.S. was:

a) Bausch & Lomb
c) Schott
b) Syntex
d) Obrig

Answer 7

a) Bausch & Lomb

Question 8

One-day disposable soft lenses became
available in:

a) 1938
b) 1950
c) 1971
d) 1994

Answer 8

d) 1994

Question 9

The first company to make contact lenses
of PMMA in the U.S. was:

a) Bausch & Lomb
c) Schott
b) Syntex
d) Obrig

Answer 9

d) Obrig

Question 10

The company responsible for bringing the
soft lens material HEMA to the U.S. was:

a) Tillyer
b) National Patent Development Corp.
c) Bausch & Lomb
d) Johnson & Johnson

Answer 10

b) National Patent Development Corp.

Question 11

The contact lens pioneer who made
improvements to lens design by inventing
the topogometer to better measure corneal
topography was:

a) Dallos
b) Wichterle
c) Soper
d) Becker

Answer 11

c) Soper

Question 12

The person considered responsible for
first realizing the concept of corneal
neutralization and replacement by a
“lens” placed in contact with the eye is:

a) Da Vinci
c) Fick
b) Tuohy
d) Soper

Answer 12

a) Da Vinci

Question 13

The Food and Drug Administration has
been involved in approval of new contact
lens materials since the year:

a) 1950
b) 1968
c) 1971
d) 1978

Answer 13

b)1968

Question 14

Rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses
have been marketed in the U.S. since
which decade of the twentieth century?

a) fifties
b) sixties
c) seventies
d) eighties

Answer 14

c) seventies

Question 15

The chemist who invented HEMA is:

a) Dallos
b) Wichterle
c) Soper
d) Becker

Answer 15

b) Wichterle

Question 16

Which layer of the cornea makes up 10%
of the structure’s total thickness?

a) epithelium
b) Bowman’s membrane
c) endothelium
d) stroma

Answer 16

a) epithelium

Question 17

The vertical measurement of the palpebral
fissure for an average eye is
__ mm

a) 5
b) 10
c) 15
d) 20

Answer 17

b) 10

Question 18

The eyelid muscle responsible for closure of the lids is the:

a) dilator pupillae
b) orbicularis oculi
c) levator superioris
d) pectoral blephari

Answer 18

b) orbicularis ocul

Question 19

The anterior cornea’s main source of oxygen is the

a) atmosphere
b) short posterior ciliary arteries
c) fovea
d) leukoma

Answer 19

a) atmosphere

Question 20

A dense opacity of the cornea is called

a) dendrite
b) nebula
c) fovea
d) leukoma

Answer 20

d) leukoma

Question 21

The goblet cells that secrete mucous into the
tear film are located in which structure ?

a) ciliary body
b) retina
c) conjunctiva
d) tarsal plate of the eyelid

Answer 21

c) conjunctiva

Question 22

The transition zone between the bulbar conjunctiva and the palpebral conjunctiva is called the

a) fundus
b) blend
c) limbus
d) fornix

Answer 22

d) fornix

Question 23

The middle layer of the three main layers
of the globe is mostly responsible for:

a} nutrition
b) light sensitivity
c} protection
d} ocular motility

Answer 23

a} nutrition

Question 24

Pupillary constriction is called:

a} cycloplegia
b} esophoria
c} miosis
d} mydriasis

Answer 24

c} miosis

Question 25

The bacteriocidal ingredient found in the
precorneal tear film is:

a) lysozyme
b} papain
c) sodium chloride
d} lactic acid

Answer 25

a) lysozyme

Question 26

How many extrinsic muscles are attached
to each eye?

a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) 8

Answer 26

c) 6

Question 27

The fovea centralis of the retina contains:

a} only cones
b} both cones and rods
c} only rods
d} neither cones nor rods

Answer 27

a} only cones

Question 28

The additive primary colors are:

a) red, white and blue
b) red, green and blue
c} red, yellow and blue
d} orange, green and blue

Answer 28

b) red, green and blue

Question 29

The bony orbit of the eye is shaped most
like a:

a} ball
b} cube
c} trapezoid
d) pyramid

Answer 29

d) pyramid

Question 30

The structure that can adjust its focus for
various object positions is the:

a) cornea
b) retina
c) vitreous humor
d) crystalline lens

Answer 30

d) crystalline lens

Question 31

The term that is used to describe both
eyes moving in the same direction, as
when they both look left or both look
right, is:

a) vergence
c) version
b) vitreous
d) virgule

Answer 31

c) version

Question 32

The condition where one eye is turned is
called:

a) rubeosis
c) strabismus
b) neovascularization
d) orthophoria

Answer 32

c) strabismus

Question 33

The most refractive optical component of
the eye is the:

a) retina
b) cornea
c) ciliary body
d) crystalline lens

Answer 33

b) cornea

Question 34

The main function of the eye’s outer
layer is:

a) protection
b) nutrition
c) illumination
d) light sensation

Answer 34

a) protection

Question 35

An opacity of the crystalline lens is called
a:

a) melanoma
c) presbyopia
b) pinguecula
d) cataract

Answer 35

d) cataract

Question 36

Loss of vision caused by excessive intraocular
pressure is called:

a) presbyopia
c) trachoma
b) glaucoma
d) keratitis

Answer 36

b) glaucoma

Question 37

Which of the following structures would
belong to the adnexa oculi?

a) ciliary muscle
b) optic disc
c) tarsal plate
d) lens zonule

Answer 37

c) tarsal plate

Question 38

The corneal layer that consists of a single later of hexagonal cells is the

a) epithelium
b) Bowman’s Membrane
c) endothelium
d) stroma

Answer 38

c) endothelium

Question 39

The transitional area that joins the cornea and the sclera is known as the

a) fundus
b) limbus
c) aqueous
d) strabismus

Answer 39

b) limbus

Question 40

The levator superioris muscle:

a) raises the upper lid
b) creates intorsion
c) raises the eyeball
d) coordinates both eyes

Answer 40

a) raises the upper lid

Question 41

Swelling of the corneal tissue or any tissue is called

a) blepharitis
b) dystrophy
c) cataract
d. edema

Answer 41

d. edema

Question 42

Inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the anterior globe except for the cornea is called :

a) aniridia
b) blepharitis
c) conjunctivitis
d) dacryocystisis

Answer 42

c) conjunctivitis

Question 43

The anterior ciliary arteries terminate at the

a) optic nerve
b) chorioid
c) limbus
d) iris

Answer 43

c) limbus

Question 44

Aqueous humor is secreted by the

a) meibomian glands
b) cones and rods
c) cornea
d) ciliary body

Answer 44

d) ciliary body

Question 45

All the colors we perceive are produced by the different photopigments found in the retinal cones.

a) 3
b) 36
c) 64)
d) 140

Answer 45

a) 3